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. 2021 Jun 26;19:272. doi: 10.1186/s12967-021-02938-8

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — Increased antigen-specific response to selected SARS-CoV-2 antigens in whole-blood is associated with COVID-19. A IL-2 production induced by Spike stimulation. B IFN-γ production induced by Spike stimulation. C IP-10 production induced by Spike stimulation. D RANTES production induced by NP Pool1 stimulation. E IP-10 production induced by NP Pool2 stimulation. F IL-2 production induced by ORF3a stimulation. The different immune factors were measured by luminex assay in plasma collected after stimulating whole-blood with the different antigens. The horizontal lines represent the median; statistical analysis was performed using the Mann–Whitney test, and p value was considered significant when ≤ 0.05. NP nucleoprotein, IL interleukin; IP interferon-γ inducible protein; IFN interferon, RANTES regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted