Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| Unmatched | Matched | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total N = 1357 |
MIS N = 861 |
CS N = 496 |
p value | MIS N = 422 |
CS N = 422 |
p value | |
| Mean ± SD or % | Mean ± SD or % | Mean ± SD or % | Mean ± SD or % | Mean ± SD or % | |||
| Age in years | 63.9 ± 12.3 | 63.2 ± 12.2 | 65.2 ± 12.6 | 0.003 | 63.7 ± 12.6 | 64.5 ± 12.8 | 0.383 |
| Female gender | 43.3 | 41.6 | 46.4 | 0.086 | 45.3 | 45.3 | 1.000 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.4 ± 4.7 | 26.2 ± 4.5 | 26.5 ± 4.9 | 0.315 | 25.8 ± 4.3 | 26.5 ± 4.8 | 0.026 |
| CV risk factors | |||||||
| Hypertension | 53.7 | 56.4 | 49.0 | 0.008 | 48.8 | 50.2 | 0.680 |
| Dyslipidemia | 16.8 | 22.6 | 6.9 | < 0.001 | 8.8 | 7.6 | 0.530 |
| Comorbidities general | |||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 8.7 | 8.4 | 9.3 | 0.566 | 6.4 | 9.5 | 0.098 |
| Kidney failure (Crea. > 2.26 mg/dL) | 1.7 | 0.6 | 3.6 | < 0.001 | 0.9 | 1.7 | 0.363 |
| Stroke | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 0.991 | 5.9 | 4.5 | 0.353 |
| COPD | 11.8 | 12.1 | 11.3 | 0.664 | 12.3 | 10.4 | 0.386 |
| PAD | 3.0 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 0.321 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 0.817 |
| Comorbidities cardiac | |||||||
| Atrial fibrillation | 32.4 | 32.5 | 32.3 | 0.919 | 35.3 | 31.5 | 0.243 |
| Coronary artery disease | 10.2 | 9.6 | 11.3 | 0.334 | 6.9 | 8.5 | 0.366 |
| Prior MI (≤ 90 days) | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.500 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.451 |
| Prior Aortic Valve Replacement | 2.1 | 1.5 | 3.0 | 0.059 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 0.614 |
| Prior CABG | 3.9 | 3.0 | 5.4 | 0.026 | 2.4 | 3.6 | 0.310 |
| Prior Pacemaker | 2.2 | 1.6 | 3.2 | 0.051 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 0.806 |
| NYHA class III/IV | 75.5 | 69.0 | 86.9 | < 0.001 | 85.1 | 84.6 | 0.848 |
| CCS class III/IV | 4.1 | 2.2 | 7.3 | < 0.001 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 0.859 |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 12.0 | 14.8 | 7.3 | < 0.001 | 9.0 | 8.1 | 0.622 |
| Emergency indication for surgery | 3.9 | 5.0 | 2.0 | 0.006 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 0.806 |
| Log EuroSCORE I | 7.8 ± 10.7 | 6.7 ± 10.2 | 9.7 ± 11.5 | < 0.001 | 7.3 ± 11.4 | 7.9 ± 9.1 | 0.422 |
p values that are statistically significant are highlighted in bold
BMI body mass index, CABG coronary artery bypass graft, CCS Canadian Cardiovascular society, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CV cardiovascular, MI myocardial infarction, NYHA New York Heart Association, PAD peripheral artery disease, SD standard deviation