Table 1. Summary of ASF results for cytokine gene expression in brain and peripheral tissues.

Tissue	Sleep fragmentation	Phentolamine	Propranolol	Interaction
Prefrontal cortex	Increase: IL1β & TGFβ	No Effect	No Effect	No Effect
Hippocampus	Increase: IL1β, TNFα, & TGF β	No Effect	Increase: TNFα	No Effect
Hypothalamus	Increase: IL1β, TNFα, & TGFβ	Decrease: IL1β, TNFα, & TGFβ	Decrease: IL1β & TGFβ	Decrease: IL1 β (CON Phe & CON Pro)
EOWAT	Increase: IL1β, TNFα, & TGFβ	Decrease: IL1β	Increase: TGFβ	No Effect
Heart	Increase: IL1β & TGFβ Decrease: TNFα	No Effect	Decrease: IL1β & TGFβ	Decrease: IL1β (ASF Pro) & TGFβ (ASF Pro)
Liver	Increase: IL1β, TNFα, & TGFβ	No Effect	No Effect	No Effect
Spleen	Increase: IL1β, TNFα, & TGFβ	Decrease: TGFβ	Decrease: TNFα	No Effect

Notes.

ASF Experiment—Summary of ASF effects, drug effects, and interaction effects on cytokinegene expression in brain and peripheral tissues.