Table 3.
Correlation Between Different Factors and Use of Medication without Prescription by Students Using Logistic Regression
| Dependent Factors Independent Factors |
I Read Medication Leaflet Before Using Any Medication | I Know That the Drug I Bought from the Pharmacy Needs a Prescription from the Physician | Over Using Panadol Extra is Very Safe During Exams | I Use OTC Drugs Because the Cost of Physician Visit is too High | Advertising is the Main Cause That People Use OTC Drugs | During Exam Period Many Students May Try Medicines According to Friend’s Suggestion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
OR (95% CI) P-value |
OR (95% CI), P-value |
OR (95% CI) P-value |
OR (95% CI) P-value |
OR (95% CI) P-value |
OR (95% CI) P-value |
|
| Sex (ref = female) | 0.365 (0.233–0.571) <0.001 |
0.416 (0.271–0.639) <0.001 | 2.109 (1.333–3.337) 0.001 | 0.989 (0.651–1.503) 0.96 | 1.062 (0.684–1.651) 0.788 | 1.538 (0.97–2.438) 0.067 |
| Age | ||||||
| Equal or less than 18 years | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| 19–21 years | 1.547 (0.659–3.635) 0.317 |
0.942 (0.412–2.154) 0.888 |
0.16 (0.065–0.399) <0.001 |
1.07 (0.473–2.422) 0.871 |
0.61 (0.266–1.399) 0.243 | 0.279 (0.115–0.677) 0.005 |
| 22 and more years | 0.781 (0.288–2.118) 0.627 |
0.772 (0.296–2.008) 0.595 |
0.291 (0.106–0.801) 0.017 |
0.754 (0.304–1.871) 0.543 | 1.256 (0.498–3.166) 0.629 | 0.841 (0.316–2.241) 0.729 |
| University level | ||||||
| 1st year | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| 2nd year | 0.656 (0.254–1.693) 0.384 |
0.723 (0.287–1.824) 0.492 |
1.738 (0.634–4.763) 0.283 |
1.163 (0.444–3.046) 0.758 | 0.657 (0.259–1.666) 0.376 | 3.62 (1.203–10.891) 0.022 |
| 3rd year | 1.567 (0.647–3.798) 0.32 |
1.316 (0.578–2.996) 0.513 |
0.66 (0.272–1.598) 0.357 |
0.846 (0.378–1.896) 0.685 | 0.723 (0.322–1.624) 0.432 | 0.799 (0.335–1.907) 0.614 |
| 4th year or final | 2.225 (0.869–5.697) 0.096 |
3.016 (1.249–7.283) 0.014 |
1.041 (0.415–2.608) 0.932 |
1.081 (0.463–2.524) 0.858 | 0.612 (0.26–1.44) 0.26 |
0.674 (0.272–1.67) 0.394 |
| Monthly income | ||||||
| Less than 5000 SR | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| 5000–10,000 SR | 0.244 (0.118–0.504) <0.001 |
0.355 (0.173–0.727) 0.005 |
1.579 (0.786–3.169) 0.199 |
0.724 (0.357–1.467) 0.37 |
1.104 (0.491–2.482) 0.81 | 1.268 (0.629–2.555) 0.507 |
| More than 10,000 SR | 1.365 (0.614–3.034) 0.445 | 0.39 (0.192–0.793) 0.009 |
0.221 (0.106–0.459) <0.001 |
0.539 (0.272–1.069) 0.077 | 0.321 (0.156–0.66) 0.002 | 0.189 (0.092–0.386) <0.001 |
| Prefer to not mention | 0.376 (0.203–0.697) 0.002 | 0.688 (0.374–1.266) 0.229 |
1.485 (0.831–2.653) 0.182 |
0.505 (0.28–0.908) 0.023 |
0.385 (0.204–0.727) 0.003 | 1.493 (0.828–2.691) 0.182 |