Table 3. Unadjusted and Adjusted ORs (95% CI) of Total Fracture according to Daily Sunlight Exposure Duration and Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level in Older Korean Adults with Osteoporosis from the KNHANES 2008–2011.

Multivariate model			Model 1 OR (95% CI)	Model 2 OR (95% CI)	Model 3 OR (95% CI)
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D <75 nmol/L
	Total fracture (n=102)
		Sunlight exposure <5 h	Reference	Reference	Reference
		Sunlight exposure ≥5 h	0.51 (0.27–0.94) p=0.031	0.51 (0.28–0.96) p=0.036	0.52 (0.28–0.97) p=0.041
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ≥75 nmol/L
	Total fracture (n=9)
		Sunlight exposure <5 h	Reference	Reference	Reference
		Sunlight exposure ≥5 h	0.68 (0.11–4.28) p=0.666	1.01 (0.15–6.69) p=0.991	0.98 (0.16–6.17) p=0.985

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; KNHANES, Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Model 1 was crude. Model 2 was adjusted for age, sex, parental history of osteoporosis diagnosis or fracture, body mass index, bone mineral density of the femoral neck, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Model 3 was adjusted for current smoking, alcohol intake, daily calcium intake, and physical activity in addition to Model 2's variables.