Table 1.
S. No. | Author and Year | Study design | Country (Study Setting) | Age (Mean ± SD) | Sample Size (I/C) | Participants | Intervention | Control/Placebo | Outcome | Remark | Outcomes studied |
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Rastogi et al. 2020 [12] | Randomised, placebo controlled, study | India (Tertiary care hospital in north India) | – | 16/24 | Asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive vitamin D deficient (25(OH) D < 20 ng/ml) individuals. |
Daily 60,000 IU of cholecalciferol (5 ml oral solution in nano droplet form) for 7 days. Then weekly supplementation of 60,000 IU (if 25(OH)D > 50 ng/ml) else continued 60,000 IU for another 7 days up until day-14 in participants with 25(OH)D < 50 ng/ml | Placebo (5 ml distilled water for 7 Days) | Proportion of patients with SARS CoV-2 RNA negative before day-21 and change in inflammatory markers (D-dimer, fibrinogen, CRP, Prolactin) | Short term high-dose cholecalciferol supplementation |
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Murari et al. 2020 [16] | Multicentre, double-blind, parallel-group, randomized, placebo-controlled trial | Brazil (Clinical Hospital of the School of Medicine of the University of Sao Paulo (a quaternary referral teaching hospital) and from the Ibirapuera field hospital) | 56.2 ± 14.4 | 119/118 | Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 who were moderately to severely ill at the time of enrollment. | A single, oral dose of 200,000 IU of vitamin D3 dissolved in a 10-ml peanut oil solution | Placebo (10 ml of a peanut oil solution) | Length of stay, in-hospital mortality, admission to ICU, mechanical ventilation requirement | Single high dose of vitamin D3 |
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Castillo et al. 2020 [13] | Parallel Pilot randomized, open label, double-masked clinical study | Spain (Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain EU) | 53 ± 10 | 50/26 | Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 clinical picture of acute respiratory infection, confirmed by a radiographic pattern of viral pneumonia and by a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR with CURB65 severity scale. | Oral Calcifediol (0.532 mg soft capsules on day of admission; and 0.266 mg on day 3 and 7, and then weekly until discharge or ICU admission | Usual Care | ICU admission; Death | – |
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Annweiler C. et al. 2020 [14] | Quasi-experimental study | France (Nursing home in Rhone, South East of France) | 87.7 ± 9.3 | 57/9 | Elderly nursing-home residents with COVID-19 and/or with physical disabilities, major neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders. | An oral bolus of 80,000 IU vitamin D3 either in the week following the suspicion or diagnosis of COVID-19, or during the previous month. | Usual Care | Mortality and Ordinal Scale for Clinical Improvement (OSCI) score in acute phase. | Single oral dose of 80,000 IU vitamin D3, either in the week following the suspicion or diagnosis of COVID-19, or during the previous month |
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Annweiler G. et al. 2020 [15] | Quasi-Experimental Study | France (Angers University Hospital, France) | 88 ± 5 | 16/32 | Patients admitted for COVID-19 in a geriatric unit | Oral Vitamin D3 supplement of 80,000 IU within a few hours of the diagnosis of COVID-19 | Usual Care | 14-Day COVID-19 Mortality; Ordinal Scale for Clinical Improvement (OSCI) Score for COVID-19 in Acute Phase | 80,000 IU vitamin D3 within a few hours of the diagnosis of COVID-19. |
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