Table 1.
Changes in measured variables during ramp-incremental cycling and repeated moderate-intensity cycling tests before and after a 2-weeks ischemic preconditioning intervention.
| Pre | Post | P-value | Power (β) | Effect size (d) | 95% confidence interval | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ramp incremental cycling test | ||||||
| Gas exchange threshold, l/min | 1.61 ± 0.20 | 1.62 ± 0.17 | 0.615 | 0.05 | 0.06 | −0.82, 0.94 |
| Peak VO2, l/min | 2.77 ± 0.28 | 2.83 ± 0.27 | 0.147 | 0.09 | 0.21 | −0.67, 1.09 |
| Peak exercise load, watt/min | 273.0 ± 17.0 | 279.0 ± 24.7 | 0.168 | 0.12 | 0.28 | −0.60, 1.16 |
| Peak heart rate, bpm | 187.3 ± 7.5 | 189.4 ± 8.2 | 0.265 | 0.12 | 0.27 | −0.61, 1.15 |
| Repeated moderate-intensity cycling test | ||||||
| End-exercise VO2, l/min | 1.66 ± 0.18 | 1.66 ± 0.17 | 0.922 | 0.05 | −0.01 | −0.89, 0.86 |
| Exercise load, watt/min | 124.5 ± 12.3 | 126.0 ± 10.5 | 0.343 | 0.07 | 0.13 | −0.75, 1.01 |
| End-exercise heart rate, bpm | 136.5 ± 10.3 | 140.0 ± 10.8 | 0.273 | 0.15 | 0.33 | −0.56, 1.21 |
| Pulmonary VO2 dynamics | ||||||
| Amplitude, l/min | 1.00 ± 0.16 | 1.02 ± 0.15 | 0.343 | 0.08 | 0.17 | −0.71, 1.04 |
| Time delay, sec | 16.4 ± 4.6 | 18.3 ± 6.2 | 0.213 | 0.17 | 0.35 | −0.53, 1.23 |
| Time constant, sec | 42.8 ± 9.0 | 42.3 ± 14.0 | 0.878 | 0.05 | −0.04 | −0.92, 0.83 |
| Mean response time, sec | 59.2 ± 8.8 | 60.6 ± 18.0 | 0.747 | 0.06 | 0.10 | −0.78, 0.98 |
| Muscle deoxygenation dynamics | ||||||
| Amplitude,% | 20.6 ± 9.8 | 25.8 ± 13.7 | 0.313 | 0.23 | 0.43 | −0.45, 1.32 |
| Time delay, sec | 11.6 ± 2.8 | 12.4 ± 5.4 | 0.640 | 0.08 | 0.19 | −0.69, 1.06 |
| Time constant, sec | 14.5 ± 5.5 | 17.0 ± 13.0 | 0.519 | 0.11 | 0.25 | −0.63, 1.13 |
| Mean response time, sec | 26.1 ± 7.4 | 29.4 ± 14.9 | 0.455 | 0.12 | 0.28 | −0.60, 1.16 |
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation. VO2; O2 consumption.