TABLE 4.
Recording and stimulation system for epilepsy.
| Source | Platform | Channel (s) | Clock (MHz) | Intensity | Control | Filter (Hz) | Clinical results (reduction) |
| Boon et al. (2001) | NCP | N/A | N/A | 0–3.5 mA | O | 1–143 | 50% in 1/3, 30–50% in 1/3 and no response in 1/3 samples |
| VelıìŠek et al. (2002) | A-M Instruments | N/A | N/A | 0–0.28 mA | O | 0–130 | N/A |
| Cohen-Gadol et al. (2003) | VNS system | N/A | N/A | 0–8 mA | O | 1–70 | 75% in 1/5 and 50% in 35% samples |
| Lopez-Meraz et al. (2004) | Paxions | 1 | N/A | 0.1–0.5 mA | O | 1 | N/A |
| Kerrigan et al. (2004) | Medtronic itrel 2 | N/A | N/A | 1–10 V | O | 0–130 | 50% in 4/5 samples after 3 months |
| Velasco et al. (2005) | Medtronic itrel 3 | N/A | N/A | 0–2.28 V | O | N/A | tonic seizures:43% after 24 months, |
| Cuellar-Herrera et al. (2006) | Paxions | N/A | N/A | 0.12–0.66 mA | O | 0–130 | N/A |
| Boon et al. (2007) | Dual screen 3628 | 128 | N/A | N/A | O | 130–200 | 100% in 1/10, > 90% in 1/10, ≥ 50% in 5/10, 30–49% in 2/10, no response in 1/10 samples |
| Avestruz et al. (2008) | N/A | 4 | N/A | 0–0.01 mA | C | 0–1 k | N/A |
| Halpern et al. (2009) | Medtronic itrel 2 | N/A | N/A | 4–5 V | C | 90–130 | ∼45% |
| Boon et al. (2009) | VNS system | N/A | N/A | 0–1 mA | O | N/A | 40–50%, 100% in 5–10% samples |
| Jobst et al. (2010) | Minneapolis, MN | N/A | N/A | 0.1–5 V | O | 130–150 | N/A |
| Kotagal (2011) | VNS system | N/A | N/A | 0.25–3.5 mA | O | 1–30 Hz | 50% in 35%, 75% in 50% samples |
| Chen et al. (2011a) | FPGA | 1 | 13.6 | N/A | C | N/A | N/A |
| Chen et al. (2011b) | FPGA | 4 | 402 | N/A | C | 0–3.2 k | N/A |
| Azin et al. (2011) | N/A | 4 | 1 | 0–0.029 mA | O | 0–10 k | N/A |
| Young et al. (2011) | CC2430 | 1 | 32 | 0.02–0.05 mA | C | 0.8–72 | N/A |
| Zanos et al. (2011) | Neurochip-2 | 3 | N/A | 0–5 mA | C | 0.5–5 k | N/A |
| Chang et al. (2011) | CC2430 | 1 | 32 | 0–0.4 mA | C | 0.8–80 | N/A |
| Stanslaski et al. (2012) | Activa PC + S | 4 | N/A | 0–25.5 mA | C | 2–250 | N/A |
| Bagheri et al. (2013) | FPGA-based | 256 | N/A | 0.02–0.25 mA | O | 0.5–500 | 92.8% |
| Chen et al. (2014) | BSP | 8 | 81.92 | 0–0.03 mA | C | 0.8–7 k | N/A |
| Lin et al. (2014) | N/A | N/A | 25 | 0–0.04 mA | O | N/A | N/A |
| Liu et al. (2014) | PennBMBI | 4 | N/A | 0–1 mA | C | 300–6 k | N/A |
| Shoaran et al. (2015) | FPGA | 16 | N/A | N/A | C | 30–1.7 k | N/A |
| Lin et al. (2016) | 8051 | 1 | 10 | 8.25–229 μA | O | N/A | N/A |
| Do Valle et al. (2016) | N/A | 8 | N/A | N/A | C | 0–500 | N/A |
| Irwin et al. (2016) | ATMega 328p | 16 | 8 | N/A | C | 0.1–20 k | N/A |
| Kassiri et al. (2017b) | GL060V5 | 24 | 10 | 0.01–1 mA | C | 10–5 k | N/A |
| Xie et al. (2017) | CC2541 | 32 | 32 | N/A | C | 0–7.5 k | N/A |
| Cheng et al. (2018) | YBSP | 16 | N/A | 0.5–3 mA | C | 0.59–117 | N/A |
| Hügle et al. (2018) | MSP430FR5994 | N/A | 8 | N/A | C | N/A | N/A |
| Li and Cook (2018) | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1–10 | O | 0–130 | ANT: 46–90%; HC: 48–95% |
| Kassiri et al. (2019) | AGL 060V5 | 16 | 32 | 0.05–10 mA | O | N/A | N/A |
| Pazhouhandeh et al. (2019) | N/A | 64 | 10 | 0–3 mA | C | 0.1–5 k | N/A |
| Lee et al. (2020) | ATUC3C2256C | 8 | N/A | 0–0.51 mA | C | 0–150 | N/A |
ANT, anterior thalamus; C, closed-loop; HC, hippocampus; N/A, not available; O, open-loop; VNS, vagus nerve stimulation.