. 2019 Mar 17;12(3):307–319. doi: 10.1177/1947603519835898

Table 2.

Comparison of American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Score Improvement at 12- and 24-Month Follow-up among Categories of Epidemiological Factors.

	12-Month Difference		24-Month Difference
	Mean ± SD	P	Mean ± SD	P
Gender
Male (n = 10)	43.7 ± 17.6	0.585^a	44.5 ± 17.9	0.625^a
Female (n = 14)	39.9 ± 20.1	0.585^a	42.7 ± 16.6	0.625^a
Sandwich technique
Yes (n = 8)	48.6 ± 8.7	0.452^a	49.6 ± 7.1	0.928^a
No (n = 16)	38.9 ± 21.1	0.452^a	42.1 ± 20.0	0.928^a
Laterality
Right (n = 15)	44.5 ± 18.2	0.238^a	45.4 ± 15.4	0.558^a
Left (n = 9)	38.2 ± 19.1	0.238^a	41.0 ± 20.0	0.558^a
Location
Medial (n = 19)	45.2 ± 15.5	0.199^a	44.9 ± 16.1	0.626^a
Lateral (n = 7)	33.0 ± 24.5	0.199^a	40.3 ± 20.7	0.626^a
Number of lesions
1 (n = 22)	43.6 ± 17.6	0.181^a	45.3 ± 16.1	0.217^a
2 (n = 2)	23.6 ± 25.5	0.181^a	27.0 ± 24.0	0.217^a
ICRS grade
Grade 3 (n = 9)	41.3 ± 21.9	1.000^a	46.4 ± 18.1	0.347^a
Grade 4 (n = 15)	42.6 ± 16.7	1.000^a	42.1 ± 16.8	0.347^a
Number of previous surgeries
0 (n = 11)	43.5 ± 16.0	0.468^b	46.5 ± 10.2	0.737^b
1 (n = 6)	50.3 ± 12.9		48.5 ± 17.1
2 (n = 5)	34.2 ± 22.8		37.4 ± 23.0
3 (n = 2)	30.0 ± 35.4		30.0 ± 35.4

ICRS = International Cartilage Repair Society.

Mann-Whitney U test.

Kruskal-Wallis test.