Table 1.
Overview of the study population.
| Controls |
Cases |
Corrected p-value time (BH) | Corrected p-value MetS status (BH) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T4 | T1 | T4 | |||
| n | 62 | 62 | 61 | 61 | – | – |
| Age (yrs) | 73.5 ± 4.1 (62) | – | 74.1 ± 3.6 (61) | – | 1.00 | 0.34 |
| Body weight (kg) | 71.0 ± 8.0 (62) | 69.9 ± 7.8 (62) | 87.7 ± 12.5 (61) | 87.4 ± 13.3 (61) | 0.04 | 6.2 × 10−14 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.1 ± 2.3 (62) | 24.8 ± 2.4 (62) | 30.5 ± 3.7 (61) | 30.6 ± 3.7 (61) | 0.37 | 1.5 × 10−16 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 93.3 ± 6.9 (62) | 92.8 ± 6.9 (62) | 109.9 ± 8.9 (61) | 110.8 ± 9.5 (61) | 0.67 | 6.2 × 10−21 |
| Fasting serum glucose (mM) | 5.08 ± 0.44 (62) | 4.86 ± 0.58 (62) | 6.66 ± 1.45 (61) | 6.54 ± 1.21 (61) | 0.04 | 2.1 × 10−15 |
| Fasting TG (mM) | 1.23 ± 0.47 (50) | 1.18 ± 0.40 (53) | 2.23 ± 1.01 (51) | 1.94 ± 0.86 (51) | 0.04 | 1.6 × 10−8 |
| Fasting HDL-C (mM) | 1.43 ± 0.45 (50) | 1.50 ± 0.34 (53) | 1.13 ± 0.29 (56) | 1.16 ± 0.26 (56) | 0.74 | 1.1 × 10−5 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 126.2 ± 16.6 (62) | 120.9 ± 18.4 (62) | 138.4 ± 15.8 (61) | 133.7 ± 19.3 (61) | 0.02 | 4.4 × 10−5 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 71.8 ± 9.9 (62) | 73.9 ± 8.1 (62) | 74.7 ± 8.9 (61) | 73.6 ± 9.4 (61) | 0.69 | 0.47 |
| Leucoc (109/L) | 5.61 ± 1.29 (62) | 5.97 ± 1.57 (62) | 6.32 ± 1.22 (61) | 6.55 ± 1.34 (61) | 0.02 | 2.0 × 10−2 |
| Lympho (109/L) | 1.49 ± 0.45 (62) | 1.54 ± 0.46 (62) | 1.75 ± 0.43 (61) | 1.76 ± 0.63 (61) | 0.50 | 2.0 × 10−2 |
| SF-36-Physical Component Summary Score* (PCS) | 52.8 ± 5.8 (62) | 52.3 ± 6.0 (61) | 49.7 ± 8.0 (61) | 46.7 ± 9.2 (61) | 0.01 | 3.6 × 10−3 |
| Physical activity (PASE score) | 125.4 ± 51.9 (62) | 124.7 ± 53.5 (59) | 107.1 ± 55.2 (61) | 94.6 ± 50.5 (57) | 0.41 | 2.3 × 10−2 |
| Energy (kCal/day) | 2179 ± 524 (62) | 2251 ± 576 (62) | 1935 ± 462 (60) | 2026 ± 506 (59) | 0.08 | 2.5 × 10−2 |
| Carbohydrate (g/day) | 269.6 ± 68.8 (62) | 272.3 ± 73.6 (62) | 231.7 ± 64.0 (60) | 238.4 ± 62.5 (59) | 0.45 | 6.8e-3 |
| Protein (g/day) | 87.5 ± 22.8 (62) | 89.3 ± 28.2 (62) | 83.1 ± 20.4 (60) | 82.9 ± 22.6 (59) | 0.75 | 0.31 |
| Lipid (g/day) | 78.5 ± 23.9 (62) | 83.8 ± 26.7 (62) | 71.9 ± 23.4 (60) | 80.3 ± 27.0 (59) | 0.02 | 0.35 |
| C-HEI-Cereals (score: 0–10) | 7.99 ± 2.25 (62) | 7.72 ± 2.26 (62) | 6.66 ± 2.05 (60) | 6.99 ± 2.20 (60) | 0.88 | 1.3 × 10−2 |
| Total dietary fiber (g/day) | 23.6 ± 9.4 (62) | 24.9 ± 10.7 (62) | 19.8 ± 7.5 (60) | 21.4 ± 7.2 (59) | 0.10 | 5.2 × 10−2 |
Mean ± SD; linear mixed model p-value (after Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) correction for 58 parameters). Bold: corrected p-value < 0.05.
⁎
T-scores based on a mean of 50 and a SD of 10.