Table 5.
Genotypical antimicrobial resistance in isolates of Enterococcus spp. and isolates of E. coli of broilers fed the NC diet and 150 mg/kg of Cu from CuSO4 and Cu2O at d 14, 28, and 42.1
| Day 14 |
Day 28 |
Day 42 |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AMR genes2 | NC | CuSO4, mg/kg | Cu2O, mg/kg | NC | CuSO4, mg/kg | Cu2O, mg/kg | NC | CuSO4, mg/kg | Cu2O, mg/kg |
| Enterococcus spp. | |||||||||
| vanC1 | 70% | 70% | 100% | 30% | 20% | 10% | 100% | 100% | 70% |
| vanC2 | 60% | 70% | 100% | 90% | 90% | 80% | 100% | 100% | 100% |
| tetM | 100% | 90% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% |
| ermB | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% |
| ESBL | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| OXA-48 | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| tcrB | 90% | 80% | 80% | 80% | 60% | 90% | 100% | 100% | 100% |
| czcA | 10% | 10% | 0% | 0% | 10% | 0% | 50% | 40% | 0% |
| E. coli | |||||||||
| vanC1 | 20% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 20% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| vanC2 | 20% | 0% | 30% | 0% | 10% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| tetM | 89% | 10% | 0% | 89% | 90% | 86% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| ermB | 78% | 100% | 10% | 78% | 80% | 100% | 50% | 70% | 20% |
| ESBL | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| OXA-48 | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| tcrB | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 10% | 0% | 70% | 20% | 40% |
| czcA | 100% | 50% | 50% | 78% | 100% | 43% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
1
Data are means of 10 replicates per treatment.
2
Antimicrobial resistance genes: vancomycin (vanC1, and vanC2); tetracycline (tetM); erythromycin (ermB); penicillin, aminopenicillin and last generation cephalosporine (ESBL); imipenem (OXA-48); Cu (tcrB); Zinc (czcA).