Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the included patients
| Empagliflozin (n = 52) |
Placebo (n = 53) |
|
|---|---|---|
| Age, yrs | 65.4 ± 11.1 | 64.1 ± 9.9 |
| Males | 36 (69.2) | 36 (67.9) |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 132.8 ± 15.2 | 133.0 ± 14.5 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 76.4 ± 11.5 | 74.9 ± 9.5 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 26.2 ± 5.1 | 26. 9 ± 5.5 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 14.0 ± 1.6 | 13.7 ± 1.5 |
| Hematocrit, % | 41.6 ± 4.6 | 41.3 ± 4.2 |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 5.7 ± 1.4 | 5.3 ± 1.1 |
| Diabetes duration, yrs | 13.6 ± 13.2 | 13.0 ± 8.3 |
| Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dL | 141.4 ± 25.0 | 146.4 ± 34.8 |
| Glycohemoglobin, % (mmol/mol) | 7.2 ± 0.8 (55 ± 9) | 7.2 ± 0.9 (55 ± 10) |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 | 67.0 ± 12.5 | 69.2 ± 13.9 |
| UACR, mg/g·Cre | 32.0 (8.0 to 65.0) | 15.3 (7.5 to 41.5) |
| NT-proBNP, pg/mL | 63.0 (31.0 to 180.0) | 80.5 (20.0 to 122.0) |
| High-sensitivity troponin I, pg/mL | 3.2 (2.3 to 6.3) | 4.1 (2.2 to 8.1) |
| Past medical history | ||
| Hypertension | 41 (78.8) | 36 (67.9) |
| Dyslipidemia | 39 (75.0) | 38 (71.7) |
| Heart failure | 23 (44.2) | 19 (35.8) |
| Myocardial infarction | 12 (23.1) | 13 (24.5) |
| Treatment | ||
| Metformin | 25 (48.1) | 28 (52.8) |
| Thiazolidinedione | 12 (23.1) | 13 (24.5) |
| DPP-4 inhibitor | 37 (71.2) | 36 (67.9) |
| ACE inhibitor or ARB | 31 (59.6) | 38 (71.7) |
| Beta-blocker | 19 (36.5) | 19 (35.8) |
| MRA | 9 (17.3) | 5 (9.4) |
| Diuretic | 8 (15.4) | 10 (18.9) |
Data are expressed as n (%), mean ± SD or median (interquartile)
ACE angiotensin-converting enzyme, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, DPP-4 dipeptidyl peptidase-4, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, MRA mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, NT-proBNP N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, UACR urinary albumin-creatinine ratio