Table 2.
Univariate and multivariable analysis of CSS in pCCA
| Univariate analysis |
Multivariable analysis |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Demographics | ||||
| Sex (male = 1) | 1.28 (0.71–2.29) | 0.411 | ||
| Age (≤65 years = 1) | 1.13 (0.64–2.00) | 0.683 | ||
| BMI (≤25 kg/m2 = 1) | 1.17 (0.66–2.06) | 0.591 | ||
| PVE (no = 1) | 1.01 (0.57–1.80) | 0.972 | ||
| ASA (I/II = 1) | 1.27 (0.72–2.27) | 0.411 | ||
| Preoperative cholangitis (no = 1) | 0.82 (0.44–1.53) | 0.526 | ||
| EBD (no = 1) | 1.29 (0.60–2.76) | 0.515 | ||
| PBD (no = 1) | 0.95 (0.50–1.84) | 0.889 | ||
| Clinical chemistry | ||||
| Albumin (≤40 g/L = 1) | 0.68 (0.36–1.28) | 0.238 | ||
| AST (≤40 U/L = 1) | 1.34 (0.72–2.48) | 0.739 | ||
| ALT (≤40 U/L = 1) | 0.87 (0.40–1.93) | 0.354 | ||
| GGT (≤400 U/L = 1) | 1.20 (0.66–2.20) | 0.555 | ||
| Bilirubin (≤1 mg/dL = 1) | 1.26 (0.72–2.23) | 0.423 | ||
| Alkaline phosphatase (≤250 U/L = 1) | 1.01 (0.56–1.86) | 0.964 | ||
| Platelet count (≤300/nL = 1) | 1.08 (0.59–1.96) | 0.813 | ||
| INR (≤1 = 1) | 1.57 (0.84–2.95) | 0.162 | ||
| Hemoglobin (≤13 g/dL = 1) | 0.63 (0.34–0.1.17) | 0.144 | ||
| CRP, mg/L (≤10 mg/L = 1) | 1.08 (0.59–1.95) | 0.813 | ||
| Operative data | ||||
| Operative time (≤360 min = 1) | 1.68 (0.87–3.27) | 0.125 | ||
| Type of hepatectomy | ||||
| Right-sided hepatectomy | 1 | 0.965 | ||
| Left-sided hepatectomy | 0.97 (0.53–1.74) | 0.907 | ||
| Blood transfusion (no = 1) | 2.11 (1.19–3.75) | 0.011 | Excluded | |
| FFP transfusion (no = 1) | 2.38 (1.23–4.61) | 0.010 | 2.90 (1.39–6.02) | 0.004 |
| Arterial resection (no = 1) | 1.85 (0.66–5.19) | 0.242 | ||
| Pathological data | ||||
| R1 resection (no = 1) | 2.42 (1.16–5.06) | 0.019 | Excluded | |
| pT category (T1/T2 = 1) | 1.53 (0.85–2.78) | 0.159 | ||
| pN category (N0 = 1) | 2.52 (1.32–4.47) | 0.002 | 2.84 (1.52–5.31) | 0.001 |
| Tumor grading (G1/G2 = 1) | 2.86 (1.39–5.88) | 0.004 | Excluded | |
| MVI (no = 1) | 2.10 (1.16–3.96) | 0.022 | Excluded | |
| LVI (no = 1) | 2.14 (1.09–4.18) | 0.026 | Excluded | |
| PNI (no = 1) | 1.72 (0.67–4.42) | 0.260 | ||
| NFD (low = 1) | 0.37 (0.18–0.78) | 0.009 | 0.41 (0.19–0.89) | 0.024 |
| Oncological data | ||||
| Neoadjuvant therapy (no = 1) | 0.58 (0.08–4.21) | 0.589 | ||
| Adjuvant therapy (yes = 1) | 1.52 (0.78–2.97) | 0.219 | ||
Various parameters are associated with overall survival. Bold numbers indicate statistical significance (p < 0.05). CSS, cancer-specific survival; pCCA, perihilar cholangiocarcinoma; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CCI, comprehensive complication index; CRP, C-reactive protein; EBD, endoscopic biliary drainage; FFP, fresh frozen plasma; GGT, gamma glutamyltransferase; INR, international normalized ratio; LVI, lymphovascular invasion; MVI, microvascular invasion; NFD, nerve fiber density; PBD, percutaneous biliary drainage; PNI, perineural invasion; PVE, portal vein embolization.