Table 2.
Baseline participant characteristics by quartiles of the summary secretion scorea
| Characteristics | Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| iGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 33 ± 15 | 43 ± 15 | 51 ± 14 | 68 ± 21 | <0.001* |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | |||||
| Age, years | 57 ± 12 | 57 ± 11 | 56 ± 12 | 54 ± 12 | 0.002* |
| Female | 144 (47) | 127 (41) | 127 (41) | 143 (46) | 0.38 |
| Black | 141 (46) | 104 (34) | 100 (32) | 107 (35) | 0.001* |
| Hispanic | 55 (18) | 58 (19) | 46 (15) | 23 (7) | <0.001* |
| Education categoriesb | <0.001* | ||||
| Less than high school | 80 (26) | 54 (17) | 52 (17) | 25 (8) | |
| High school graduate | 70 (23) | 64 (21) | 57 (18) | 40 (13) | |
| Some college | 83 (27) | 96 (31) | 73 (23) | 89 (29) | |
| College graduate or higher | 76 (25) | 96 (31) | 129 (41) | 154 (50) | |
| Health characteristics | |||||
| Current smoker | 42 (14) | 33 (11) | 31(10) | 35 (11) | 0.19 |
| History of diabetes | 163 (53) | 165 (53) | 150 (48) | 122 (39) | 0.02 |
| History of cardiovascular disease | 107 (35) | 94 (30) | 78 (25) | 47 (15) | <0.001* |
| History of heart failure | 37 (12) | 26 (8) | 20 (6) | 3 (1) | <0.001* |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 32 ± 7 | 32 ± 7 | 31 ± 7 | 30 ± 7 | <0.001* |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 134 ± 23 | 129 ± 22 | 128 ± 21 | 124 ± 19 | <0.001* |
| Total MET score | 197 ± 163 | 196 ± 129 | 224 ± 139 | 223 ± 140 | 0.004* |
| Lab measurements | |||||
| Hemoglobin A1cc | 6.1 (5.5, 7.4) | 6.2 (5.6, 7.2) | 6.1 (5.5, 7.3) | 5.8 (5.3, 6.9) | 0.04 |
| 24-h urine albumin excretionc | 0.26 (0.03, 1.14) | 0.12 (0.02, 0.92) | 0.07 (0.01, 0.57) | 0.02 (0.01, 0.21) | <0.001* |
| Nephrotic range proteinuria >3 g | 31 (10) | 31 (10) | 22 (7) | 12 (4) | 0.005* |
| Medications | |||||
| Insulin | 80 (26) | 83 (27) | 82 (27) | 54 (18) | 0.10 |
| Statin | 177 (57) | 173 (56) | 177 (57) | 139 (45) | 0.006* |
| Loop diuretic | 158 (51) | 121 (39) | 96 (31) | 59 (19) | <0.001* |
| Thiazide diuretic | 68 (22) | 90 (29) | 100 (32) | 87 (28) | 0.12 |
| ACEi/ARB | 204 (66) | 222 (72) | 242 (78) | 174 (56) | 0.17 |
ACEi, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker.
For continuous variable: mean ± SD, P-values were from linear regression with participant characteristics as the dependent variable and the summary secretion score as the independent variable. For binary variables: n (%), P-values were from logistic regression with participant characteristics as the dependent variable and the summary secretion score as the independent variable.
P-value from the Chi-squared test.
Median (interquartile range), P-values were from linear regression with log-transformed participant characteristics as the dependent variable and the summary secretion score as the independent variable.
*Denotes statistical significance after correction for multiple comparisons using the Hommel method.