Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of male and female patients with esophageal cancer.
| MEC without metastasis | MEC with metastasis | FEC without metastasis | FEC with metastasis | |||||||
| N 9104 | % 72.5 | N 3454 | % 27.5 | N 2541 | % 80.5 | N 615 | % 19.5 | P value† | P value‡ | |
| Age at diagnosis(year) | .000∗∗ | .046∗ | ||||||||
| ≤60 | 2858 | 31.4 | 1343 | 38.9 | 647 | 25.5 | 213 | 34.6 | ||
| >60 | 6246 | 68.6 | 2111 | 61.1 | 1894 | 74.5 | 402 | 65.4 | ||
| Race | .001∗ | .000∗∗ | ||||||||
| Black | 758 | 8.3 | 322 | 9.3 | 389 | 15.3 | 99 | 16.1 | ||
| White | 7792 | 85.6 | 2973 | 86.1 | 1991 | 78.4 | 486 | 79.0 | ||
| Others | 512 | 5.6 | 154 | 4.5 | 149 | 5.9 | 29 | 4.7 | ||
| Unknown | 42 | 0.5 | 5 | 0.1 | 12 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.2 | ||
| Primary site | .000∗∗ | .000∗∗ | ||||||||
| Upper1/3 | 518 | 5.7 | 143 | 4.1 | 283 | 11.1 | 40 | 6.5 | ||
| Middle1/3 | 1460 | 16.0 | 455 | 13.2 | 772 | 30.4 | 144 | 23.4 | ||
| Lower1/3 | 6102 | 67.0 | 2266 | 65.6 | 1186 | 46.7 | 325 | 52.8 | ||
| Overlapping lesion | 364 | 4.0 | 215 | 6.2 | 107 | 4.2 | 25 | 4.1 | ||
| Unknown | 660 | 7.2 | 375 | 10.9 | 193 | 7.6 | 81 | 13.2 | ||
| Histopathology type | .000∗∗ | .000∗∗ | ||||||||
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 2363 | 26.0 | 709 | 20.5 | 1381 | 54.3 | 230 | 37.4 | ||
| Adenocarcinoma | 5938 | 65.2 | 2443 | 70.7 | 979 | 38.5 | 328 | 53.3 | ||
| Others | 803 | 8.8 | 302 | 8.7 | 181 | 7.1 | 57 | 9.3 | ||
| Pathology grade | .000∗∗ | .565 | ||||||||
| I well-differentiated | 540 | 5.9 | 86 | 2.5 | 145 | 5.7 | 14 | 2.3 | ||
| II moderately | 3103 | 34.1 | 943 | 27.3 | 965 | 38.0 | 168 | 27.3 | ||
| III poorly differentiated | 3682 | 40.4 | 1700 | 49.2 | 859 | 33.8 | 289 | 47.0 | ||
| IV undifferentiated | 111 | 1.2 | 56 | 1.6 | 32 | 1.3 | 8 | 1.3 | ||
| Unknown | 1668 | 18.3 | 669 | 19.4 | 540 | 21.3 | 136 | 22.1 | ||
| Surgery | .000∗∗ | .111 | ||||||||
| No | 5578 | 61.3 | 3376 | 97.7 | 1843 | 72.5 | 602 | 97.9 | ||
| Yes | 3362 | 36.9 | 67 | 1.9 | 653 | 25.7 | 8 | 1.3 | ||
| Unknown | 164 | 1.8 | 11 | 0.3 | 45 | 1.8 | 5 | 0.8 | ||
| Radiotherapy | .000∗∗ | .562 | ||||||||
| No | 5949 | 65.3 | 1340 | 38.8 | 1013 | 39.9 | 231 | 37.6 | ||
| Yes | 3155 | 34.7 | 2114 | 61.2 | 1528 | 60.1 | 384 | 62.4 | ||
| Chemotherapy | .000∗∗ | .034∗ | ||||||||
| No | 6229 | 68.4 | 2089 | 60.5 | 1049 | 41.3 | 344 | 55.9 | ||
| Yes | 2875 | 31.6 | 1365 | 39.5 | 1492 | 58.7 | 271 | 44.1 | ||
| Marital status | .000∗∗ | .000∗∗ | ||||||||
| Married | 3249 | 35.7 | 1372 | 39.7 | 907 | 35.7 | 366 | 59.5 | ||
| Unmarried | 5323 | 58.5 | 1925 | 55.7 | 1482 | 58.3 | 215 | 35.0 | ||
| Unknown | 532 | 5.8 | 157 | 4.5 | 152 | 6.0 | 34 | 5.5 | ||
| Residence type | .270 | .378 | ||||||||
| Rural | 173 | 1.9 | 53 | 1.5 | 33 | 1.3 | 5 | 0.8 | ||
| Urban | 8911 | 97.9 | 3396 | 98.3 | 2498 | 98.3 | 609 | 99.0 | ||
| Unknown | 20 | 0.2 | 5 | 0.1 | 10 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.2 | ||
| Insurance situation | .000∗∗ | .114 | ||||||||
| Insurance | 8581 | 94.3 | 3221 | 93.3 | 2399 | 94.4 | 562 | 91.4 | ||
| No insurance | 310 | 3.4 | 168 | 4.9 | 77 | 3.0 | 34 | 5.5 | ||
| Unknown | 213 | 2.3 | 65 | 1.9 | 65 | 2.6 | 19 | 3.1 | ||
FEC = female esophageal cancer, MEC = male esophageal cancer
†
Comparison between male esophageal cancer without metastasis and male esophageal cancer with metastasis.
‡
Comparison between male esophageal cancer with metastasis and female esophageal cancer with metastasis.
∗
P < .05.
∗∗
P < .001.