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| Bracket types | n | Kc(app) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initial Kc(app) | Final Kc(app) | % increase Kc(app) | ||
| Metal | 15 | 0.87 ± 0.07 | 1.00 ± 0.11 | 15.17 % |
| Ceramic | 15 | 0.85 ± 0.06 | 0.98 ± 0.09 | 14.57 % |
| No bracket | 15 | 0.79 ± 0.07 | 0.88 ± 0.12 | 11.36 % |
