Table 3.
Effect of exposure on respiratory symptoms
| Symptom | Exposure | n (%) | Unadjusted model PR (95% CI) |
Adjusted model 1a PR (95% CI) |
Adjusted model 2b PR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cough | Office workers N = 140 | 24 (17.14) | 1.00 | ||
| Hairdressers N = 140 | 59 (42.14) | 2.46 (1.53–3.95) | 2.44 (1.46–4.09) | 2.18 (1.26–3.77) | |
| Work duration ≤ 6 years, N = 43 | 14 (32.56) | 1.90 (0.98–3.67) | 1.77 (0.85–3.71) | 1.64 (0.76–3.50) | |
| Work duration > 6 and ≤ 10 years, N = 35 | 16 (45.71) | 2.67 (1.42–5.02) | 2.59 (1.33–5.05) | 2.31 (1.16–4.61) | |
| Work duration > 10 and ≤ 15 years, N = 35 | 19 (54.29) | 3.17 (1.73–5.78) | 3.23 (1.69–6.18) | 2.86 (1.46–5.63) | |
| Work duration > 15 years, N = 27 | 10 (37.04) | 2.16 (1.03–4.52) | 2.29 (1.00–5.22) | 1.98 (0.84–4.64) | |
| Phlegm | Office workers N = 140 | 19 (13.57) | 1.00 | ||
| Hairdressers N = 140 | 30 (21.43) | 1.58 (0.89–2.81) | 1.84 (0.98–3.45) | 1.77 (0.91–3.47) | |
| Work duration ≤ 6 years, N = 43 | 6 (13.95) | 1.03 (0.41–2.57) | 0.89 (0.32–2.45) | 0.92 (0.32–2.60) | |
| Work duration > 6 and ≤ 10 years, N = 35 | 6 (17.14) | 1.26 (0.50–3.16) | 1.23 (0.47–3.21) | 1.20 (0.45–3.21) | |
| Work duration > 10 and ≤ 15 years, N = 35 | 13 (37.14) | 2.74 (1.35–5.54) | 3.89 (1.81–8.39) | 3.76 (1.66–8.51) | |
| Work duration > 15 years, N = 27 | 5 (18.51) | 1.36 (0.51–3.65) | 2.47 (0.83–7.30) | 2.32 (0.76–7.07) | |
| Productive cough | Office workers N = 140 | 17 (12.14) | 1.00 | ||
| Hairdressers N = 140 | 23 (16.43) | 1.35 (0.72–2.53) | 1.41 (0.71–2.81) | 1.27 (0.60–2.68) | |
| Work duration ≤ 6 years, N = 43 | 4 (9.30) | 0.77 (0.26–2.28) | 0.58 (0.17–1.94) | 0.56 (0.16–1.94) | |
| Work duration > 6 and ≤ 10 years, N = 35 | 7 (20.00) | 1.65 (0.68–3.97) | 1.51 (0.60–3.82) | 1.37 (0.52–3.59) | |
| Work duration > 10 and ≤ 15 years, N = 35 | 8 (22.86) | 1.88 (0.81–4.36) | 2.24 (0.90–5.55) | 2.03 (0.78–5.28) | |
| Work duration > 15 years, N = 27 | 4 (14.81) | 1.22 (0.41–3.63) | 1.84 (0.54–6.19) | 1.55 (0.43–5.55) | |
| Wheezing | Office workers N = 140 | 1 (0.71) | 1.00 | ||
| Hairdressers N = 140 | 9 (6.43) | 9 (1.14–71.04) | 9.81 (1.09–88.36) | 9.59 (1.004–91.73) | |
| Work duration ≤ 6 years, N = 43 | 0 (0.00) | NA | NA | NA | |
| Work duration > 6 and ≤ 10 years, N = 35 | 1 (2.86) | 4 (0.25–63.95) | 3.65 (0.21–62.31) | 4 (0.22–71.65) | |
| Work duration > 10 and ≤ 15 years, N = 35 | 3 (8.57) | 12 (1.25–115.36) | 15.71 (1.45–169.80) | 17.54 (1.56–197.26) | |
| Work duration > 15 years, N = 27 | 5 (18.52) | 25.93 (3.03–221.91) | 48.72 (4.46–532.40) | 42 (3.46–510.26) | |
| Shortness of breath | Office workers N = 140 | 30 (21.43) | 1.00 | ||
| Hairdressers N = 140 | 66 (47.14) | 2.20 (1.43–3.39) | 2.20 (1.37–3.52) | 2.06 (1.25–3.39) | |
| Work duration ≤ 6 years, N = 43 | 13 (30.23) | 1.41 (0.74–2.70) | 1.28 (0.63–2.63) | 1.23 (0.59–2.57) | |
| Work duration > 6 and ≤ 10 years, N = 35 | 17 (48.57) | 2.27 (1.25–4.11) | 2.12 (1.14–3.95) | 1.98 (1.04–3.77) | |
| Work duration > 10 and ≤ 15 years, N = 35 | 19 (54.29) | 2.53 (1.43–4.50) | 2.63 (1.42–4.86) | 2.47 (1.31–4.68) | |
| Work duration > 15 years, N = 27 | 17 (62.96) | 2.94 (1.62–5.33) | 3.40 (1.71–6.74) | 3.12 (1.54–6.33) | |
| Chest tightness | Office workers N = 140 | 19 (13.57) | 1.00 | ||
| Hairdressers N = 140 | 58 (41.43) | 3.05 (1.82–5.12) | 3.53 (2.01–6.19) | 3.31 (1.84–5.97) | |
| Work duration ≤ 6 years, N = 43 | 13 (30.23) | 2.23 (1.10–4.51) | 2.40 (1.09–5.27) | 2.40 (1.07–5.34) | |
| Work duration > 6 and ≤ 10 years, N = 35 | 15 (42.86) | 3.16 (1.60–6.21) | 3.45 (1.69–7.06) | 3.23 (1.55–6.75) | |
| Work duration > 10 and ≤ 15 years, N = 35 | 17 (48.57) | 3.58 (1.86–6.89) | 4.32 (2.14–8.70) | 4.05 (1.95–8.38) | |
| Work duration > 15 years, N = 27 | 13 (48.15) | 3.55 (1.75–7.18) | 4.39 (1.97–9.74) | 3.93 (1.72–8.96) | |
The statistically significant effects are shown bolded
aAdjusted for age, marital status, education, and BMI
bAdjusted for age, marital status, education, BMI, smoking, and use of water pipe