Table 2.
Baseline characteristics according to COPD and revascularization strategies
| COPD (N = 154) | p value | No COPD (N = 1646) | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCI (N = 71) | CABG (N = 83) | PCI (N = 832) | CABG (N = 814) | |||
| Age (year) | 66.8 ± 8.9 | 67 ± 8.5 | 0.916 | 65.1 ± 9.7 | 64.8 ± 9.9 | 0.476 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 71.8 (51/71) | 74.7 (62/83) | 0.688 | 76.8 (639/832) | 79.4 (646/814) | 0.210 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29.3 ± 5.5 | 28 ± 5.6 | 0.147 | 28 ± 4.7 | 27.9 ± 4.4 | 0.648 |
| Medically treated diabetes | 33.8 (24/71) | 25.3 (21/83) | 0.248 | 24.9 (207/832) | 24.6 (200/814) | 0.884 |
| On insulin | 14.1 (10/71) | 12 (10/83) | 0.708 | 9.5 (79/832) | 10.2 (83/814) | 0.633 |
| Metabolic syndrome | 46.5 (33/71) | 34.9 (29/83) | 0.032 | 36.8 (306/832) | 35.4 (288/814) | 0.380 |
| Hypertension | 74.6 (53/71) | 68.7 (57/83) | 0.413 | 68.4 (569/832) | 63.5 (517/814) | 0.037 |
| Dyslipidemia | 76.1 (54/71) | 79.3 (65/82) | 0.634 | 78.9 (651/825) | 77 (621/807) | 0.340 |
| Current smoker | 25.4 (18/71) | 30.1 (25/83) | 0.511 | 17.9 (149/832) | 21.2 (171/807) | 0.094 |
| Previous MI | 33.3 (23/69) | 38.3 (31/81) | 0.530 | 31.8 (262/824) | 33.4 (269/806) | 0.497 |
| Previous stroke | 7.2 (5/69) | 3.7 (3/81) | 0.336 | 3.6 (30/830) | 4.9 (40/809) | 0.183 |
| Previous TIA | 10 (7/70) | 4.9 (4/81) | 0.233 | 3.9 (32/831) | 5.1 (41/807) | 0.228 |
| Previous carotid artery disease | 19.7 (14/71) | 13.3 (11/83) | 0.278 | 7.1 (59/832) | 7.9 (64/814) | 0.552 |
| PVD | 21.1 (15/71) | 18.1 (15/83) | 0.633 | 8.1 (67/832) | 9.8 (80/814) | 0.207 |
| Impaired renal function | 23.9 (17/71) | 20.5 (17/83) | 0.139 | 18 (150/832) | 16.2 (132/814) | < 0.001 |
| Creatinine clearance (ml/min) | 86.2 ± 34.7 | 83.6 ± 31.3 | 0.650 | 86.7 ± 35.6 | 85.7 ± 29.3 | 0.565 |
| LVEF (%) | 58.2 ± 12.3 | 55.6 ± 15.9 | 0.363 | 59.1 ± 13 | 58.5 ± 12.9 | 0.453 |
| Congestive heart failure | 4.2 (3/71) | 12.2 (10/82) | 0.078 | 4 (33/827) | 4.6 (37/798) | 0.521 |
| Clinical presentation | 0.138 | 0.998 | ||||
| Silent ischemia | 9.9 (7/71) | 19.3 (16/83) | 14.4 (120/832) | 14.4 (117/814) | ||
| Stable angina | 60.6 (43/71) | 61.4 (51/83) | 56.6 (471/832) | 56.8 (462/814) | ||
| Unstable angina | 29.6 (21/71) | 19.3 (16/83) | 29 (241/832) | 28.9 (235/814) | ||
| Euro SCORE | 5.4 ± 3 | 5.1 ± 2.7 | 0.636 | 3.6 ± 2.5 | 3.6 ± 2.7 | 0.802 |
| Parsonnet SCORE | 10.5 ± 7.4 | 9.4 ± 6.5 | 0.343 | 8.4 ± 6.9 | 8.3 ± 6.9 | 0.924 |
| Disease extent | 0.657 | 0.842 | ||||
| 3VD | 59.2 (42/71) | 62.7 (52/83) | 60.6 (504/832) | 61.1 (497/814) | ||
| LMCAD | 40.8 (29/71) | 37.3 (31/83) | 39.4 (328/832) | 38.9 (317/814) | ||
| Disease extent | 0.983 | 0.915 | ||||
| LMCAD only | 7 (5/71) | 6.1 (5/82) | 4.4 (37/832) | 5.4 (44/814) | ||
| LMCAD + 1VD | 7 (5/71) | 8.5 (7/82) | 7.5 (62/832) | 7.9 (64/814) | ||
| LMCAD + 2VD | 14.1 (71/9) | 13.4 (11/82) | 12.3 (832/127) | 11.7 (95/814) | ||
| LMCAD + 3VD | 12.7 (9/71) | 9.8 (8/82) | 15.3 (127/832) | 14 (114/814) | ||
| 2VD | 1.4 (1/71) | 2.4 (2/82) | 1.9 (16/832) | 2.1 (17/814) | ||
| 3VD | 57.7 (41/71) | 59.8 (49/82) | 58.7 (488/832) | 59 (480/814) | ||
| Anatomical SYNTAX score | 30 ± 12.6 | 29.2 ± 11.1 | 0.666 | 28.3 ± 11.4 | 29.1 ± 11.4 | 0.149 |
| Number of lesions | 4.5 ± 2 | 4.4 ± 1.8 | 0.643 | 4.3 ± 1.8 | 4.4 ± 1.8 | 0.426 |
| Any total occlusion | 25.4 (18/71) | 12.2 (10/82) | 0.036 | 24.1 (199/826) | 23.3 (188/808) | 0.695 |
| Any bifurcation | 74.6 (53/71) | 78 (64/82) | 0.621 | 72.2 (596/826) | 72.6 (587/808) | 0.823 |
| Number of stents | 4.7 ± 2.6 | – | 4.6 ± 2.2 | – | ||
| TSL per patient | 86.6 ± 53.2 | – | 86.4 ± 47.5 | – | ||
| Off pump CABG | – | 8.4 (7/83) | – | 14.9 (121/814) | ||
| LIMA use | – | 81.9 (68/83) | – | 81.8 (666/814) | ||
| Number of total conduits | – | 2.7 ± 0.8 | – | – | 0.300 | |
| Number of arterial conduits | – | 1.2 ± 0.5 | – | – | 0.005 | |
| Number of venous conduits | – | 1.5 ± 0.9 | – | – | 0.700 | |
| Complete revascularization | 53.5 (38/71) | 68.8 (55/80) | 0.055 | 57 (470/825) | 62.7 (495/790) | 0.020 |
| Medication at discharge | ||||||
| Aspirin | 93 (66/71) | 82.5 (66/80) | 0.053 | 96.6 (797/825) | 89.1 (704/790) | < 0.001 |
| Thienopyridine | 94.4 (67/71) | 17.5 (14/80) | < 0.001 | 97 (800/825) | 19.7 (156/790) | < 0.001 |
| Statin | 84.5 (60/71) | 73.8 (59/80) | 0.106 | 86.9 (717/825) | 74.6 (589/790) | < 0.001 |
| Beta blockers | 56.3 (40/71) | 63.8 (51/80) | 0.353 | 83.4 (688/825) | 80.1 (633/790) | 0.089 |
| ACEI | 49.3 (35/71) | 46.3 (37/80) | 0.708 | 55.6 (459/825) | 44.4 (351/790) | < 0.001 |
| ARB | 21.1 (15/71) | 8.8 (7/80) | 0.031 | 12.6 (104/825) | 6.8 (54/790) | < 0.001 |
ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ARB angiotensin II receptor blockers, CABG coronary bypass artery grafting, LMCAD left main coronary artery disease, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, MI myocardial infarction, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, PVD peripheral vascular disease, TIA transient ischemia attack, TSL total stent length, 3VD three-vessel disease