Table 1.
Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics
| Overall | Control | APAP | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 58) | (n = 33) | (n = 25) | ||
| Age, years | 66.1 ± 10.0 | 64.9 ± 10.1 | 67.4 ± 9.8 | 0.276 |
| Male | 62 (81.6) | 32 (82.1) | 30 (81.1) | 0.913 |
| Height, m | 1.74 ± 0.09 | 1.74 ± 0.09 | 1.74 ± 0.09 | 0.874 |
| Weight, kg | 92.4 ± 20.5 | 93.8 ± 21.4 | 90.9 ± 20.0 | 0.553 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 29.1 ± 5.7 | 30.7 ± 5.9 | 30.0 ± 5.5 | 0.576 |
| NYHA class | ||||
| II | 46 (60.5) | 23 (59.0) | 23 (62.2) | 0.804 |
| III | 4 (5.3) | 2 (5.1) | 2 (5.4) | |
| IV | 1 (1.3) | 1 (2.6) | 0 (0) | |
| Nocturia, episodes/night | 1.68 ± 1.33 | 1.73 ± 1.67 | 0.896 | |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 67.0 ± 12.6 | 70.8 ± 9.0 | 0.897 | |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 127.5 ± 21.8 | 130.3 ± 19.5 | 0.553 | |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 72.5 ± 11.1 | 69.6 ± 13.5 | 0.306 | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 9 (11.8) | 3 (7.7) | 6 (16.2) | 0.516 |
| Ischemic etiology | 39 (51.3) | 23 (59.0) | 16 (43.2) | 0.170 |
| Implanted device | ||||
| Pacemaker | 4 (5.3) | 2 (5.1) | 2 (5.4) | 0.851 |
| ICD | 13 (17.1) | 8 (20.5) | 5 (13.5) | |
| CRT(P/D) | 19 (25.0) | 10 (25.6) | 9 (24.3) | |
| Medication | ||||
| ACEI, ARB | 64 (84.2) | 32 (82.1) | 32 (86.5) | 0.596 |
| Βeta blocker | 71 (93.4) | 39 (100) | 32 (86.5) | 0.018 |
| Diuretics | 53 (69.7) | 29 (74.4) | 24 (64.9) | 0.368 |
| Spironolactone or eplerenone | 46 (60.5) | 25 (64.1) | 21 (56.8) | 0.513 |
| Cardiac glycosides | 4 (5.3) | 1 (2.6) | 3 (8.1) | 0.279 |
| Amiodarone | 15 (19.7) | 7 (17.9) | 8 (21.6) | 0.688 |
Values are mean ± SD, or n (%)
ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin II receptor blocker, BMI body mass, BP blood pressure, CRT(D) cardiac resynchronization therapy (defibrillator), ICD implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, NYHA New York Heart Association