Table 3.

Stressors, Social Resources, and Loneliness Since the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Older Adults With Chronic Conditions.

Variable	M		SD
Worry about COVID-19 infectiona	3.3		1.0
Financial strain related to the pandemicb	1.9		1.1
Total stressors related to the pandemicc	1.5		1.6
Household sized	1.3		1.2
Social contact since the pandemice	6.2		1.0
Emotional support since the pandemicf	5.2		1.8
Loneliness since the pandemic (continuous)g	5.8		2.0
		%
Marital status
Married		55.2
Cohabiting		4.0
Separated		1.4
Divorced		17.7
Widowed		9.0
Single, never married		12.7
Stressors related to the pandemic
Essential worker		17.4
Household member is an essential worker		15.5
Lost job or laid off from job		6.8
Suspected of infection		17.5
Household family member diagnosed		1.6
Non-household family member diagnosed		9.8
Family member fallen physically ill		6.4
Family member hospitalized		4.3
Family member put into self-isolation (presumed infection)		10.8
Family member in self-quarantine (possible exposure)		14.8
Family member passed away		4.4
Family member lost job or laid off from job		20.8
Family member reduced ability to earn money		19.7
Loneliness since the pandemic (categories)
Little or no loneliness (scores of 3 – 4)		33.5
Moderate loneliness (scores of 5 – 6)		32.2
Severe loneliness (scores of 7 – 9)		34.2

Note. COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019.

^aRange = 1 – 5, with higher scores indicating greater worry.

^bRange = 1 – 5, with higher scores indicating more financial strain.

^cRange = 0 – 13.

^dTotal number of people living with the respondent.

^eRange = 1 – 7, with higher scores indicating more frequent contact.

^fRange = 1 – 7, with higher scores indicating more frequent received emotional support.

^gRange = 3 – 9, with higher scores indicating greater loneliness. N = 701 adults.