Table 3.
Comparison of days with and without traditional foods in Canadian First Nations participants from the FNFNES, 2008−2018
| Nutrient | Days with TF (n = 1206 recalls) | Days without TF (n = 4995 recalls) |
|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | |
| Energy (kilocalories) | 1964 ± 27.4 | 1911 ± 13.6 |
| Protein*** (g) | 117 ± 2.16 | 75.1 ± 0.62 |
| Fat*** (g) | 71.3 ± 1.32 | 78.7 ± 0.71 |
| Carbohydrates** (g) | 219 ± 3.54 | 231 ± 1.80 |
| Total sugars*** (g) | 70.2 ± 1.92 | 78.5 ± 0.93 |
| Fibre (g) | 13.0 ± 0.25 | 13.2 ± 0.13 |
| Cholesterol*** (g) | 382 ± 8.59 | 314 ± 3.83 |
| Saturated fat*** (g) | 20.5 ± 0.40 | 25.4 ± 0.24 |
| Monounsaturated fat** (g) | 27.7 ± 0.59 | 30.2 ± 0.29 |
| Polyunsaturated fat (g) | 15.2 ± 0.36 | 15.7 ± 0.18 |
| Linoleic acid* (g) | 11.6 ± 0.30 | 12.3 ± 0.15 |
| Linolenic acid*** (g) | 1.84 ± 0.06 | 1.38 ± 0.02 |
| Calcium** (mg) | 569 ± 10.8 | 609 ± 6.40 |
| Iron*** (mg) | 20.1 ± 0.41 | 12.9 ± 0.11 |
| Zinc*** (mg) | 17.0 ± 0.40 | 10.2 ± 0.10 |
| Magnesium*** (mg) | 278 ± 4.38 | 231 ± 1.79 |
| Copper*** (mg) | 1.63 ± 0.03 | 1.13 ± 0.02 |
| Potassium*** (mg) | 2908 ± 43.2 | 2260 ± 17.6 |
| Sodium*** (mg) | 2744 ± 55.1 | 3140 ± 27.3 |
| Phosphorus*** (mg) | 1489 ± 23.8 | 1075 ± 8.51 |
| Vitamin A** (μg) | 562 ± 32.3 | 454 ± 7.03 |
| Vitamin D*** (μg) | 7.62 ± 0.41 | 3.23 ± 0.05 |
| Vitamin C* (mg) | 88.0 ± 4.33 | 76.6 ± 1.72 |
| Folate (μg) | 362 ± 7.15 | 349 ± 3.57 |
| Thiamin (mg) | 1.63 ± 0.03 | 1.63 ± 0.02 |
| Riboflavin*** (mg) | 2.22 ± 0.04 | 1.88 ± 0.02 |
| Niacin*** (mg) | 47.7 ± 0.83 | 35.6 ± 0.29 |
| Vitamin B6*** (mg) | 1.72 ± 0.03 | 1.41 ± 0.02 |
| Vitamin B12*** (μg) | 14.0 ± 0.60 | 3.96 ± 0.13 |
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.0001 significance in unpaired t-test