Table 7.

Pharmaceuticals in surface and drinking water in two First Nations (FN) located in the Mixedwood Plains in the Ontario region

Pharmaceutical detected	FN 1 surface water (ng/L)	FN 1 drinking water* (ng/L)	FN 2 surface water (ng/L)	FN 2 drinking water** (ng/L)
Acetaminophen	<10.0	<10.0	14	<10.0
Atenolol	38.8	6.9	42	<5.0
Bezafibrate	3.3	<1.0	7.8	<1.0
Caffeine	21.4	<5.0	502	96.2
Carbamazepine	28.4	9.2	45.7	<0.5
Cimetidine	3.8	<2.0	<2.0	<2.0
Ciprofloxacin	36	<20.0	29	<20.0
Clarithromycin	14.1	<2.0	35.3	<2.0
Clofibric acid	<1.0	<1.0	1.4	<1.0
Codeine	43.9	<5.0	101	<5.0
Cotinine	10.4	<5.0	50.7	14.4
Diclofenac	24	<15.0	38	<15.0
Diltiazem	5.2	<5.0	<5.0	<5.0
Diphenhydramine	<10.0	<10.0	14	<10.0
Furosemide	<5.0	<5.0	12.5	<5.0
Gemfibrozil	<1.0	<1.0	2.9	<1.0
Hydrochlorothiazide	55.2	<5.0	85.9	<5.0
Ibuprofen	<2.0	<2.0	85	<2.0
Metformin	404	<10.0	1550	<10.0
Metoprolol	25.6	<5.0	15.6	<5.0
Naproxen	<5.0	<5.0	120	<5.0
Ranitidine	33	<10.0	20	<10.0
Sulfamethazine	19.1	<5.0	10.9	<5.0
Sulfamethoxazole	45.7	<2.0	44.4	<2.0
Trimethoprim	6	<2.0	10.2	<2.0
Warfarin	<0.50	<0.50	1.76	<0.50
17α-Ethinylestradiol	0.74	<0.20	<0.20	<0.20

*In FN 1, five wells were sampled. Atenolol was detected at one site while carbamazepine was detected at another site

**In FN 2, five sites were sampled. Caffeine and cotinine were detected at three water sites