Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies in this systematic review and meta-analysis.
| ID | References | Country | Age, years (mean ± SD)/% | Total number | No. of female | No. of HCWs | Survey method | Population | Instrument | Start date | End date | Position | Sampling method | AHRQ checklist |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cai and Qin (27) | China | 32.48 ± 2.03 | 48 | 37 | 48 | Unknown | Hospital-Based | SCL-90 | Unknown | 7-Feb | First line | Unknown | 4 yes |
| 2 | Cao et al. (28) | China | 32.8 ± 9.6 | 37 | 29 | 37 | Unknown | Hospital-Based | PHQ-9 | Unknown | 26-Feb | First line | Cluster | 4 yes |
| 3 | Duan et al. (29) | China | 32.82 ± 6.41 | 642 | 506 | 530 | Online survey | Hospital-Based | PHQ-9, GAD-7 | 14-Feb | 16-Feb | Mixed | Unknown | 4 yes |
| 4 | He et al. (30) | China | 38.7 ± 6.3 | 360 | 141 | 256 | Online survey | Population-Based | PSQI | 24-Jan | 2-Mar | First line | Unknown | 4 yes |
| 5 | Huang et al. (31) | China | 32.6 ± 6.2 | 230 | 187 | 230 | Online survey | Hospital-Based | SAS, PTSD-SS | 7-Feb | 14-Feb | First line | Cluster | 4 yes |
| 6 | Iiu et al. (32) | China | 29.00 ± 5.88 | 1,097 | 1,078 | 1,097 | Online survey | Hospital-Based | PHQ-9, GAD-7, ISI-7, SQR-20 | 1-Feb | 18-Feb | Second line | Unknown | 5 yes |
| 7 | Lai et al. (15) | China | <40 (80.5%) | 1,257 | 964 | 1,257 | Unknown | Hospital-Based | PHQ-9, GAD-7, ISI-7, IES-R | 29-Jan | 3-Feb | Mixed | Cluster | 7 yes |
| 8 | Li et al. (33) | China | >30 (46.6%) | 205 | 175 | 205 | Online survey | Hospital-Based | PCL-C | 8-Feb | 11-Feb | First line | Convenience | 6 yes |
| 9 | Lu et al. (17) | China | <40 (78%) | 2,299 | 1,785 | 2,042 | Unknown | Hospital-Based | HAMD, HAMA | 25-Feb | 26-Feb | Mixed | Unknown | 6 yes |
| 10 | Qi et al. (34) | China | ≤ 40 (79%) | 400 | 295 | 400 | Unknown | Hospital-Based | SDS, SAS | Unknown | 5-Feb | First line | Convenience | 4 yes |
| 11 | Sun et al. (35) | China | <40 (97.3%) | 110 | 102 | 110 | Unknown | Hospital-Based | SCL-90 | Unknown | 25-Feb | First line | Unknown | 3 yes |
| 12 | Tan et al. (36) | Singapore | 31 (32, 34–41) | 470 | 321 | 296 | Unknown | Hospital-Based | DASS-21, IES-R | 19-Feb | 13-Mar | First line | Unknown | 6 yes |
| 13 | Tang et al. (16) | China | 33.6 ± 6.39 | 44 | 34 | 44 | Unknown | Hospital-Based | SDS, SAS, PSS-10 | Unknown | Unknown | First line | Convenience | 4 yes |
| 14 | Wu et al. (42) | China | 30.84 ± 4.52 | 106 | 85 | 106 | Online survey | Hospital-Based | SAS, PSQI | Unknown | 2-Feb | First line | Convenience | 5 yes |
| 15 | Xiao et al. (41) | China | <40 (84.3%) | 423 | 293 | 423 | Online survey | Hospital-Based | SDS, SAS | 6-Feb | 8-Feb | Second line | Random | 5 yes |
| 16 | Xu and Zhang (40) | China | 31.28 ± 2.53 | 41 | 37 | 41 | Online survey | Hospital-Based | SCL-90 | Unknown | 29-Jan | First line | Cluster | 4 yes |
| 17 | Xu et al. (39) | China | 34.79 ± 7.14 | 360 | 291 | 360 | Online survey | Hospital-Based | SDS, SAS | 7-Feb | 15-Feb | Second line | Unknown | 5 yes |
| 18 | Ye et al. (43) | China | ≤ 35 (67.8%) | 2,104 | 1,644 | 2,104 | Online survey | Hospital-Based | GAD-7 | 29-Jan | 5-Feb | Mixed | Convenience | 6 yes |
| 19 | Zhang et al. (38) | China | 18–60 (96.3%) | 2,182 | 678 | 927 | Online survey | Population-Based | PHQ-2, GAD-2, ISI-7, SCL-90-R | 19-Feb | 6-Mar | Mixed | Unknown | 8 yes |
| 20 | Zheng et al. (37) | China | <46 (87.5%) | 373 | 278 | 373 | Online survey | Hospital-Based | PHQ-9 | 18-Feb | 21-Feb | Mixed | RS | 4 yes |
HCWs, healthcare workers; PHQ-9, nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire; DASS-21, 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale; SDS, Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Scale; GAD-7, seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder; SAS, Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale; HAMA, Hamilton Anxiety Scale; ISI-7, seven-item Insomnia Severity Index; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; SQR-20, Self-Reporting Questionnaires; IES-R, Impact of Event Scale—Revised; PCL-C, PTSD Checklist—Civilian Version; PTSD-SS, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Self-Rating Scale; SCL-90, Symptom Checklist 90; SCL-90-R, Symptom Checklist 90—Revised; AHRQ Checklist, The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Methodology Checklist.