TABLE 5.

Major SARS-CoV-2 lineage: research describes how often a vaccine will protect people affected by these strains.

lineage	Country	Spike protein substitution	Disease severity	References
B.1.1.7	United Kingdom	N501Y, A570D, D614G, P681H, T716I, S982A, D1118H, 69/70/144 deletion	Increased transmission, severity of hospitalization based on case fatal rates	Arif, 2021; CDC, 2021b; Galloway et al., 2021; Ramírez et al., 2021
501Y.V2 or B.1.351	South Africa	Shares some mutations with B.1.1.7. K417N, E484K, D214G, A701V 241/242/243 deletion	There is no indication that this variant has any impact on disease incidence.	CDC, 2021b; Faria et al., 2021; Wibmer et al., 2021
501Y.V3 or P.1	Brazil	17 unique mutations, including three in the receptor binding domain of the spike protein K417T, E484K, and N501Y	The advent of this mutation raises questions about a rise in transmissibility or a proclivity for SARS-CoV-2 re-infection in individuals.	CDC, 2021b; Faria et al., 2021
B.1.427 + B.1.429	United States	D614G, L452R S13I, W152C	Around 20% increased transmissibility, reduced neutralization by convalescent and post vaccination sera	Deng et al., 2021
VUI-21FEB-03 or B.1.525	U.K, NIGERIA	A67V, E484K, D614G, Q677H, F888L, 69/70/144 deletion	Reduced neutralization by convalescent and post vaccination sera	Jangra et al., 2021

The table shows the main variants, countries of origin, new mutations found, and the risks they pose to public health.