A principal component analysis plot of gene expression profiles between treatment groups. Each dot represents an observation for each treatment projected onto PC1 (x-axis) and PC2 (y-axis). A, significant differences were determined between the contribution of groups along PC2 in the following comparisons: Acan1 and naive, Acan1 and vehicle, and naive and Acan1 (linear) along the PC2 axis. B, significant differences between the contribution of groups along PC2 were identified in the following comparisons: Nak1 (linear) and vehicle along PC2. The arrows show the strongest loadings, i.e., contribution of the original variables to the principal components. No significant difference was found along PC1. Volcano plot of gene expression analyzed in the colon obtained from a representative mouse from each group (C) Acan1, (D) Nak1, (E) Acan1 linear, and (F) Nak1 linear. Significantly expressed genes are shown in color. X-axis values are log2(fold change) and y-axis are the −log10 of p value. The horizontal dashed line represents a p value of 0.05. Nonsignificant genes are shown by gray dots.