TABLE 1.
Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, treatments, and outcomes of 148 COVID‐19 patients with hypertension
| Blood pressure control (140/90) | Blood pressure control (130/80) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Controlled (n = 96) | Uncontrolled (n = 52) | p value | Controlled (n = 43) | Uncontrolled (n = 105) | p value | |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||||
| Age (years old) | 66 (57–70) | 67 (59–74) | 0.171 | 64 (57–70) | 66 (58–74) | 0.280 |
| ≥60 years old, No. (%) | 62 (64.6) | 39 (75.0) | 0.194 | 28 (65.1) | 73 (69.5) | 0.601 |
| Male, No. (%) | 52 (54.2) | 34 (65.4) | 0.187 | 23 (53.5) | 63 (60.0) | 0.466 |
| Respiratory rate (times/minute) | 21 (20–23) | 21 (20–26) | 0.468 | 20 (20–23) | 22 (20–24) | 0.153 |
| >24 times/minute, No. (%) | 17 (17.7) | 16 (30.8) | 0.068 | 9 (20.9) | 24 (22.9) | 0.798 |
| Heart rate (times/minute) | 84 (80–93) | 85 (80–98) | 0.616 | 82 (80–91) | 84 (80–94) | 0.647 |
| ≥100 times/minute, No. (%) | 14 (14.6) | 12 (23.1) | 0.195 | 6 (14.0) | 20 (19.0) | 0.460 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 125 (118–135) | 146 (139–160) | <0.001 | 120 (114–130) | 136 (128–152) | <0.001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 78 (72–83) | 90 (81–98) | <0.001 | 76 (68–80) | 83 (76–92) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension duration (years) | 10 (5–14) | 10 (4–20) | 0.996 | 10 (5–14) | 10 (5–20) | 0.377 |
| Laboratory findings | ||||||
| Lymphocyte count (×109/L) | 0.81 (0.56–1.12) | 0.71 (0.45–0.92) | 0.073 | 0.84 (0.63–1.11) | 0.74 (0.50–1.06) | 0.083 |
| <0.8 × 109/L, No. (%) | 44 (45.8) | 31 (59.6) | 0.109 | 18 (45.0) | 57 (59.4) | 0.125 |
| Platelet count (×109/L) | 203 (161–267) | 187 (129–249) | 0.177 | 204 (160–285) | 194 (139–241) | 0.282 |
| <100 × 109/L | 8 (9.0) | 4 (8.7) | 1.000 | 4 (9.8) | 8 (8.5) | 1.000 |
| LDH (U/L) | 338.5 (271.8–442.0) | 349.5 (288.8–491.0) | 0.373 | 320.0 (231.8–419.0) | 355.5 (285.8–492.3) | 0.067 |
| >245 U/L, No. (%) | 74 (80.4) | 41 (82) | 0.820 | 30 (75.0) | 85 (83.3) | 0.255 |
| Procalcitonin (ng/ml) | 0.05 (0.05–0.09) | 0.08 (0.05–0.24) | 0.005 | 0.05 (0.05–0.08) | 0.06 (0.05–0.13) | 0.035 |
| ≥0.1 ng/ml, No. (%) | 18 (22.0) | 19 (44.2) | 0.010 | 5 (13.5) | 32 (36.4) | 0.011 |
| Ferritin (g/ml) | 758.7 (403.3–1887.8) | 1796.6 (755.9–2000.0) | 0.041 | 452.4 (334.0–840.7) | 808.4 (424.2–1501.2) | 0.006 |
| >500 g/ml, No. (%) | 48 (58.5) | 26 (63.4) | 0.602 | 15 (41.7) | 59 (67.8) | 0.007 |
| BNP (pg/ml) | 61.0 (24.3–119.2) | 56.0 (32.5–146.8) | 0.418 | 60.5 (27.9–95.0) | 57.7 (28.2–148.1) | 0.460 |
| >400 pg/ml, No. (%) | 2 (3.4) | 3 (8.1) | 0.603 | 1 (4.3) | 4 (5.6) | 1.000 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 72.5 (59.2–86.1) | 74.6 (57.7–106.0) | 0.259 | 67.6 (53.8–86.2) | 73.6 (60.2–90.9) | 0.186 |
| >111 μmol/L, No. (%) | 5 (5.6) | 10 (21.3) | 0.005 | 2 (5.0) | 13 (13.4) | 0.258 |
| hs‐cTn, (pg/ml) | 5.8 (2.6–17.4) | 10.1 (3.7–35.3) | 0.024 | 5.0 (2.1–14.3) | 8.6 (3.5–27.7) | 0.044 |
| >28 pg/ml, No. (%) | 15 (16.1) | 15 (30) | 0.052 | 5 (11.9) | 25 (24.8) | 0.086 |
| D‐dimer (ug/ml) | 0.94 (0.53–2.73) | 1.96 (0.81–12.95) | 0.015 | 0.89 (0.51–3.96) | 1.58 (0.65–4.61) | 0.120 |
| >1.0 ug/ml, No. (%) | 42 (49.4) | 28 (68.3) | 0.046 | 16 (43.2) | 54 (60.7) | 0.073 |
| IL‐6 (pg/ml) | 7.43 (5.80–9.74) | 8.08 (6.29–11.30) | 0.423 | 7.64 (6.90–10.62) | 7.36 (5.79–9.79) | 0.211 |
| >7 pg/ml, No. (%) | 48 (60.8) | 24 (57.1) | 0.700 | 23 (74.2) | 49 (54.4) | 0.053 |
| Treatments and outcomes | ||||||
| ICU admission, No. (%) | 23 (24.0) | 21 (40.4) | 0.037 | 8 (18.6) | 36 (34.3) | 0.058 |
| IMV, No. (%) | 12 (12.5) | 14 (26.9) | 0.028 | 5 (11.6) | 21 (20.0) | 0.224 |
| Death, No. (%) | 25 (26.0) | 20 (38.5) | 0.117 | 8 (18.6) | 37 (35.2) | 0.046 |
| Duration of hospitalization (days), No. (%) | 13 (9–18) | 14 (8–18) | 0.429 | 13 (9–17) | 14 (9–18) | 0.742 |
All the categorical variables are presented as number (percentage), and all the continuous variables were expressed by median and interquartile range (IQR). Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests weas applied to continuous variables, and chi‐square tests or Fisher's exact test were applied to categorical variables as appropriate.
Abbreviations: DBP, diastolic blood pressure at admission; hs‐cTn, high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin; ICU, intensive care unit; IL‐6, interleukin‐6; IMV, invasive mechanical ventilation; LDH, lactose dehydrogenase; BNP, B‐type natriuretic peptide; SBP, systolic blood pressure at admission.