Figure 8. A schematic illustration demonstrates the effects and mechanism of cisplatin on apoptosis and cell cycle distribution in PC9 cells. Cisplatin enhances ROS production, triggers DNA damage response signaling, and activates a caspase cascade to induce apoptosis. It also demonstrates that cisplatin up-regulates p21WAF1/CIP1 and inhibits the activities of cyclin D1, CDK4, and E2F-1 to induce G1 phase arrest in PC9 cells.
