Fig. 1 |. Consolidation and/or recall of fear memory requires new myelin formation.

Fear learning induces the proliferation of OPCs, promotes their maturation into mature oligodendrocytes and thereby increases myelin. This process occurs over a timescale of weeks. The study by Pan and colleagues⁵ shows that memory consolidation and retrieval of remote memory requires new myelin formation, possibly to achieve appropriate conduction velocities for functional coupling among spatially distributed engrams.