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. 2021 Jun 28;13:119. doi: 10.1186/s13195-021-00861-0

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — Relationship between CSF VAMP-2 and measures of intellectual impairment and cognitive performance in DS. Violin plots show the distribution of CSF VAMP-2 SRM intensities in adults with DS grouped according to degree of intellectual disability and a AD diagnosis and b age group. Circles represent mean intensities and error bars represent standard error of the mean. VAMP-2 SRM intensities in adults with DS are plotted against quantitative measures of intellectual disability (c) and cognitive performance (d). Linear regression lines are shown for models in total DS dataset and standard error of the regression lines are shown as shaded region. Regression lines for individuals aged < 35 or aged 35+ (c) or with mild or moderate ID (d) are also shown (see legends)