Fig. 8.

The effects of Tβ4 intervention and inflammatory pathway inhibition on TNF-α expressing in neurons. Representative photomicrographs of NeuN⁺ and TNF-α⁺ cells in the a PtA and b hippocampus. The number of NeuN⁺ and TNF-α⁺ cells in c cortex and d hippocampus. The data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 4/group) in the different experimental groups. #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 vs WT mice; *p < 0.05 vs APP/PS1 mice