Table 1.
Clinical characteristics and sleep-diary variables for the 78 combat-exposed veteran men
| Variable | PTSD (n = 31) | Non-PTSD (n = 47) | Group comparison |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | P-value* | |
| Age (y) | 31.3 (4.7) | 32.8 (6.2) | 0.358 |
| PSQI | 8.9 (2.8) | 4.1 (2.4) | <0.001 |
| ISI | 14.2 (4.8) | 3.8 (4.2) | <0.001 |
| PHQ-9 | 5.8 (2.6) | 1.4 (2.5) | <0.001 |
| CAPS | 51.4 (16.8) | 8.6 (7.9) | <0.001 |
| Hyperarousal | 19.0 (7.1) | 3.3 (4.0) | <0.001 |
| Intrusion | 10.7 (5.8) | 0.6 (1.8) | <0.001 |
| Avoidance | 16.9 (8.8) | 1.7 (3.5) | <0.001 |
| Sleep diary† | |||
| Time in bed (min) | 453.0 (100.6) | 465.0 (55.3) | 0.580 |
| Total sleep time (min) | 414.3 (77.0) | 444.1 (52.5) | 0.035 |
| Sleep efficiency (%) | 92.8 (9.5) | 95.6 (3.4) | 0.004 |
| Sleep latency (min) | 27.8 (17.1) | 10.0 (5.9) | <0.001 |
| WASO (min) | 10.9 (18.2) | 4.6 (5.5) | 0.051 |
Bold values represent p < 0.05. CAPS = Clinician Administered PTSD Scale; ISI = Insomnia Severity Index; PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PSQI = Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; WASO = wakefulness after sleep onset.
*Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
†PTSD, n = 30.