Table 3.
Composition of simulated lung fluids used for dissolution studies.
| Composition | Gamble solution 1 | Gamble solution 2 | Gamble solution 3 | Gamble solution 4 | Gamble solution 5 | Modified Gamble solution | Pseudo alveolar fluid | Simulated lung fluid | Artificial interstitial fluid | Synthetic serum | SELF | SLF (mM) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MgCl2⋅6H2O (mg L−1) | 95 | 203 | 203 | 212 | 212 | 203 | 200 | |||||
| NH4Cl (mg L−1) | 535 | 118 | 5300 | 535 | 10 | |||||||
| NaCl (mg L−1) | 6019 | 6019 | 6019 | 6786 | 6400 | 6800 | 6415 | 6400 | 6193 | 6786 | 6020 | 11,6 |
| KCl (mg L−1) | 298 | |||||||||||
| CaCl2 (mg L−1) | 22 | 22 | ||||||||||
| CaCl2⋅2H2O (mg L−1) | 368 | 368 | 368 | 225 | 290 | 255 | 255 | 368 | 256 | 0,2 | ||
| Na2SO4 (mg L−1) | 63 | 71 | 71 | 79 | 71 | 72 | ||||||
| H2SO4 (mg L−1) | 45 | 510 | 45 | 0,5 | ||||||||
| Na2SO4⋅10H2O (mg L−1) | 179 | |||||||||||
| Na2HPO4 (mg L−1) | 126 | 150 | 148 | 148 | 142 | 150 | ||||||
| NaH2PO4 (mg L−1) | 142 | 142 | 144 | 144 | ||||||||
| NaH2PO4⋅H2O (mg L−1) | 1700 | 1,2 | ||||||||||
| H3PO4 (mg L−1) | 1200 | |||||||||||
| NaHCO3 (mg L−1) | 2604 | 2604 | 2604 | 2268 | 2700 | 2300 | 2703 | 2700 | 2604 | 2268 | 2700 | 27 |
| Na2CO3 (mg L−1) | 630 | |||||||||||
| NaHC4H4O6⋅2H2O (sodium hydrogen tartrate dihydrate) (mg L−1) | 180 | 180 | ||||||||||
| H2C6H5O7Na⋅2H2O (sodium dihydrogen citrate dihydrate) (mg L−1) | 97 | 97 | 97 | 153 | 153 | 0,2 | ||||||
| CH3CHOHCOONa (sodium citrate) (mg L−1) | 574 | 52 | 160 | 175 | 52 | |||||||
| Citric acid⋅H2O (mg L 1) | 420 | |||||||||||
| NaOCOCOCH3 (sodium pyruvate) (mg L−1) | 0,72 | 172 | ||||||||||
| NH2CH2COOH (glycine) (Gly) (mg L− 1) | 375 | 190 | 450 | 118 | 118 | 450 | 376 | 5 | ||||
| L-Cysteine (C3H7NO2S) (mg L−1) | 121 | 122 | 1 | |||||||||
| DPPC (dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline) (C40H80NO8P) (mg L−1) | 200 | 200 | 200 | 100 | ||||||||
| CH3COONa⋅3H2O (sodium acetate trihydrate) (mg L−1) | 953 | 953 | 952 | |||||||||
| Sodium acetate (CH3COONa) (mg L−1) | 580 | |||||||||||
| HOC (COONa) (CH2COONa)2⋅2H2O (sodium citrate dihydrate) (mg L−1) | 590 | 97 | ||||||||||
| C3H5NaO3 (sodium lactate) (mg L−1) | 290 | |||||||||||
| KCl (mg L−1) | 298 | 298 | 298 | 298 | ||||||||
| Potassium hydrogen phthalate (C8H5KO4) (mg L−1) | 200 | |||||||||||
| C14H23N3O10 (DTPA) (pentetic acid) (mg L−1) | 79 | 0,2 | ||||||||||
| C21H38NCl (ABDAC) (mg L−1) (benzalkonium chloride) | 50 | 50 | ||||||||||
| Ascorbic acid (mg L−1) | 18 | |||||||||||
| Uric acid (mg L−1) | 16 | |||||||||||
| Glutathione (mg L−1) | 30 | |||||||||||
| Albumin (mg L−1) | 260 | |||||||||||
| Mucin (mg L−1) | 500 | |||||||||||
| pH (adjustment with HCl) | 7.4 | 7.3 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 7.4 | |||||
| Reference | Colombo et al. (2008) | Moss (1979); Ungaro et al. (2009) | Yang et al. (2008) | Wragg and Klinck (2007) | Julien et al. (2011) | Gray et al. (2010) | Takaya et al. (2006) | Taunton et al. (2010) | Stopford et al. (2003) | Kanapilly et al. (1973) | Boisa et al. (2014) | Cheng et al. (1997) |