Table 1.
Characteristics of patients aged 16–49 years
| No asthma (n=7083) | Asthma (n=1867) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Mean age, years | 38·9 (8·6) | 38·7 (8·6) | |
| Age group, years | |||
| 16–24 | 618 (8·7%) | 152 (8·1%) | |
| 25–39 | 2700 (38·1%) | 734 (39·3%) | |
| 40–49 | 3765 (53·2%) | 981 (52·5%) | |
| Sex at birth | |||
| Female | 3056 (43·1%) | 1031 (55·2%) | |
| Male | 4015 (56·7%) | 830 (44·5%) | |
| Data missing | 12 (0·2%) | 6 (0·3%) | |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Asian | 986 (13·9%) | 221 (11·8%) | |
| Black | 555 (7·8%) | 64 (3·4%) | |
| White | 3606 (50·9%) | 1182 (63·3%) | |
| Other | 968 (13·7%) | 176 (9·4%) | |
| Data missing | 968 (13·7%) | 224 (12·0%) | |
| Deprivation (IMD quintile) | |||
| 1 | 909 (12·8%) | 258 (13·8%) | |
| 2 | 1098 (15·5%) | 301 (16·1%) | |
| 3 | 1213 (17·1%) | 306 (16·4%) | |
| 4 | 1591 (22·5%) | 397 (21·3%) | |
| 5 | 2264 (32·0%) | 605 (32·4%) | |
| Data missing | 8 (0·1%) | 0 | |
| Smoking | |||
| Never smoked | 3606 (50·9%) | 908 (48·6%) | |
| Former smoker | 753 (10·6%) | 243 (13·0%) | |
| Current smoker | 607 (8·6%) | 187 (10·0%) | |
| Data missing | 2117 (29·9%) | 529 (28·3%) | |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Obesity (as defined by clinical staff) | |||
| No | 5581 (78·8%) | 1228 (65·8%) | |
| Yes | 1017 (14·4%) | 461 (24·7%) | |
| Data missing | 485 (6·8%) | 178 (9·5%) | |
| Chronic pulmonary disease (not asthma) | |||
| No | 6869 (97·0%) | 1736 (93·0%) | |
| Yes | 214 (3·0%) | 76 (4·1%) | |
| Data missing | 0 | 55 (2·9%) | |
| Chronic cardiac disease | |||
| No | 6746 (95·2%) | 1720 (92·1%) | |
| Yes | 306 (4·3%) | 89 (4·8%) | |
| Data missing | 31 (0·4%) | 58 (3·1%) | |
| Malignancy | |||
| No | 6840 (96·6%) | 1763 (94·4%) | |
| Yes | 190 (2·7%) | 34 (1·8%) | |
| Data missing | 53 (0·7%) | 70 (3·7%) | |
| Chronic kidney disease | |||
| No | 6753 (95·3%) | 1731 (92·7%) | |
| Yes | 295 (4·2%) | 69 (3·7%) | |
| Data missing | 35 (0·5%) | 67 (3·6%) | |
| Diabetes without complications | |||
| No | 6261 (88·4%) | 1559 (83·5%) | |
| Yes | 608 (8·6%) | 205 (11·0%) | |
| Data missing | 214 (3·0%) | 103 (5·5%) | |
| Diabetes with complications | |||
| No | 6612 (93·4%) | 1692 (90·6%) | |
| Yes | 267 (3·8%) | 73 (3·9%) | |
| Data missing | 204 (2·9%) | 102 (5·5%) | |
| Mild liver disease | |||
| No | 6913 (97·6%) | 1766 (94·6%) | |
| Yes | 109 (1·5%) | 26 (1·4%) | |
| Data missing | 61 (0·9%) | 75 (4·0%) | |
| Moderate or severe liver disease | |||
| No | 6890 (97·3%) | 1763 (94·4%) | |
| Yes | 139 (2·0%) | 32 (1·7%) | |
| Data missing | 54 (0·8%) | 72 (3·9%) | |
| Chronic neurological disorder | |||
| No | 6576 (92·8%) | 1671 (89·5%) | |
| Yes | 460 (6·5%) | 130 (7·0%) | |
| Data missing | 47 (0·7%) | 66 (3·5%) | |
| Chronic haematological disease | |||
| No | 6846 (96·7%) | 1749 (93·7%) | |
| Yes | 191 (2·7%) | 49 (2·6%) | |
| Data missing | 46 (0·6%) | 69 (3·7%) | |
| Rheumatological disease | |||
| No | 6828 (96·4%) | 1698 (90·9%) | |
| Yes | 195 (2·8%) | 99 (5·3%) | |
| Data missing | 60 (0·8%) | 70 (3·7%) | |
| Medication characteristics | |||
| Medication | |||
| Reported | 7083 (100·0%) | 1721 (92·2%) | |
| Data missing | 0 | 146 (7·8%) | |
| Type of inhaler therapy | |||
| No therapy | 6997 (98·8%) | 327 (17·5%) | |
| SABA | 24 (0·3%) | 346 (18·5%) | |
| ICS only | 31 (0·4%) | 423 (22·7%) | |
| LABA plus ICS | 22 (0·3%) | 424 (22·7%) | |
| ICS plus LABA plus another asthma medication* | 9 (0·1%) | 201 (10·8%) | |
| Data missing | 0 | 146 (7·8%) | |
| ICS components | |||
| No steroid | 7022 (99·1%) | 706 (37·8%) | |
| Beclometasone | 39 (0·6%) | 636 (34·1%) | |
| Budesonide | 6 (0·1%) | 151 (8·1%) | |
| Ciclesonide | 0 (0·0%) | 4 (0·2%) | |
| Fluticasone | 16 (0·2%) | 224 (12·0%) | |
| Data missing | 0 | 146 (7·8%) | |
| Oral corticosteroids | |||
| No oral steroids | 6844 (96·6%) | 1671 (89·5%) | |
| Oral steroids | 139 (2·0%) | 174 (9·3%) | |
| Data missing | 100 (1·4%) | 22 (1·2%) | |
Data are n (%) or mean (SD), unless otherwise indicated. IMD=Index of Multiple Deprivation. SABA=short-acting β-agonist. ICS=inhaled corticosteroid. LABA=long-acting β-agonist.
*
Other asthma medication: long-acting muscarinic antagonist, leukotriene receptor antagonist, or theophylline.