Table 1.
Demographics and comorbidities of patients hospitalised with AECOPD and COPD pre-admission treatment.
| Patient demographics | 2019 | 2020 | Chi-square | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | |||
| Gender—male | 199 | 76.5% | 89 | 74.8% | 0.137 | 0.711 |
| Gender—female | 61 | 23.5% | 30 | 25.2% | ||
| Active smoker (within the last 6 months) | 102 | 54.0% | 38 | 43.7% | 2.524 | 0.112 |
| Comorbidity | ||||||
| Ischaemic heart disease | 80 | 30.8% | 28 | 23.5% | 2.028 | 0.154 |
| Chronic heart failure | 103 | 39.6% | 47 | 39.5% | 0.000 | 0.986 |
| Hypertension | 159 | 61.1% | 78 | 65.5% | 0.879 | 0.349 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 71 | 27.3% | 34 | 28.6% | 0.057 | 0.812 |
| Asthma | 17 | 6.5% | 5 | 4.2% | 0.811 | 0.368 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 22 | 8.4% | 9 | 7.6% | 0.086 | 0.770 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 19 | 7.3% | 5 | 4.2% | 1.361 | 0.243 |
| Pulmonary embolism/deep vein thrombosis | 11 | 4.2% | 3 | 2.5% | 0.688 | 0.407 |
| Active malignancy | 27 | 10.4% | 18 | 15.1% | 1.771 | 0.183 |
| Psychiatric history | 44 | 16.9% | 23 | 19.3% | 0.257 | 0.612 |
| COPD pre-admission treatment | ||||||
| SABA | 179 | 71.0% | 90 | 78.3% | 2.108 | 0.146 |
| LABA | 136 | 54.0% | 57 | 49.6% | 0.614 | 0.433 |
| SAMA | 158 | 62.7% | 77 | 67.0% | 0.622 | 0.430 |
| LAMA | 32 | 12.7% | 21 | 18.3% | 1.977 | 0.160 |
| ICS | 122 | 48.4% | 45 | 39.1% | 2.744 | 0.098 |
| Home nebulisers | 21 | 8.3% | 6 | 5.2% | 1.167 | 0.280 |
| Home NIV | 6 | 2.4% | 3 | 2.6% | 0.014 | 0.906 |
| Home LTOT | 64 | 25.4% | 29 | 25.0% | 0.007 | 0.935 |
SABA: short-acting beta-agonist; LABA: long-acting beta-agonist; SAMA: short-acting muscarinic antagonist; LAMA: long-acting muscarinic antagonist; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid use; NIV: non-invasive ventilation; LTOT: long-term oxygen therapy.