Number of hydrogen bonds formed between (a) the ACE2 and RBD proteins, (b) drug molecules and ACE2, and (c) drug molecules and RBD. Rolling average of average hydrogen bonds are also plotted for (d) ACE2-RBD, (e) ligand-ACE2, and (f) ligand-RBD. In parts (a)–(c), means and standard deviations are shown by solid lines and filled regions, respectively. To see this figure in color, go online.