Table 1.
Free amino acid content of different Ethiopian plant and mushroom species
| S/n | Plants | Part | Concentration (mg/g) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ala | Cys | Citr | Asp | Glu | Phe | Gly | GABA | His | Ilu | Lys | Leu | |||
| 1 | Allium sativum L. (garlic) | Tubers | 11.48 ± 0.60 | 9.03 ± 0.01 | 5.53 ± 0.30 | 19.41 ± 0.62 | 23.3 ± 0.74 | 4.21 ± 0.49 | 1.93 ± 0.14 | 0.53 ± 0.02 | 6.6 ± 0.95 | 2.25 ± 0.11 | 18.93 ± 0.78 | 4.07 ± 0.30 |
| 2 | Allium spathaceum Steud. ex A.Rich (Ethiopian onion) | Tubers | 5.00 ± 0.51 | 6.17 ± 0.61 | 1.05 ± 0.08 | 13.79 ± 1.59 | 14.89 ± 1.25 | 5.69 ± 0.48 | 1.47 ± 0.21 | 0.91 ± 0.16 | 7.86 ± 0.54 | 4.86 ± 0.48 | 14.77 ± 1.30 | 14.06 ± 1.40 |
| 3 | Aloe ankoberensis Gilbert and Sebsebe | Leaves | 0.74 ± 0.09 | 5.53 ± 0.53 | 1.54 ± 0.18 | 3.05 ± 0.17 | 1.59 ± 0.13 | 0.99 ± 0.03 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 1.95 ± 0.07 | 0.38 ± 0.00 | 18.7 ± 0.02 | 0.49 ± 1.41 |
| 4 | Aloe benishangulana Sebsebe & Tesfaye | Leaves | 1.08 ± 0.05 | 0.46 ± 0.04 | ND | 0.53 ± 0.05 | 0.93 ± 0.05 | 0.60 ± 0.07 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.88 ± 0.05 | 0.23 ± 0.03 | 0.56 ± 0.03 | 1.21 ± 0.11 | 0.78 ± 0.06 |
| 5 | Aloe debrana Christian | Leaves | 0.96 ± 0.15 | 0.40 ± 0.04 | ND | 0.28 ± 0.03 | 0.77 ± 0.07 | 0.33 ± 0.34 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 0.65 ± 0.10 | 0.19 ± 0.01 | 0.44 ± 0.06 | 0.92 ± 0.19 | 0.57 ± 0.12 |
| 6 | Aloe percrassa Tod | Leaves | 0.61 ± 0.05 | 7.15 ± 1.74 | 1.05 ± 0.39 | 3.46 ± 1.05 | 1.34 ± 0.31 | 1.05 ± 0.03 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.13 | 2.07 ± 0.07 | 0.62 ± 0.00 | 20.82 ± 0.21 | 0.69 ± 0.43 |
| 7 | Aloe pirottae Berger | Leaves | 0.48 ± 0.07 | 3.93 ± 0.57 | 0.18 ± 0.04 | 1.75 ± 0.44 | 0.44 ± 0.10 | 0.8 ± 0.07 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.17 ± 0.03 | 0.89 ± 0.11 | 0.37 ± 0.00 | 11.24 ± 0.07 | 0.54 ± 1.44 |
| 8 | Aloe sinana Reynolds | Leaves | 0.36 ± 0.09 | 4.33 ± 2.92 | 0.46 ± 0.29 | 2.81 ± 1.85 | 0.80 ± 0.54 | 0.7 ± 0.12 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.22 ± 0.08 | 1.31 ± 0.30 | 0.34 ± 0.00 | 17.76 ± 0.10 | 0.58 ± 1.14 |
| 9 | Aloe tewoldei Gilbert & Sebsebe | Leaves | 0.35 ± 0.07 | 6.30 ± 0.71 | 1.11 ± 0.83 | 4.56 ± 0.54 | 1.38 ± 0.16 | 0.61 ± 0.11 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.27 ± 0.08 | 1.94 ± 0.72 | 0.34 ± 0.00 | 19.18 ± 0.11 | 0.43 ± 1.35 |
| 10 | Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. (pineapple) | Fruit | 1.04 ± 0.46 | 1.12 ± 0.19 | 0.06 ± 0.02 | 4.64 ± 0.26 | 2.85 ± 0.19 | 0.83 ± 0.27 | 0.17 ± 0.00 | 1.07 ± 0.32 | 0.62 ± 0.15 | 0.38 ± 0.15 | 3.46 ± 0.84 | 0.85 ± 0.16 |
| 11 | Arachis hypogaea L. (peanut) | Seeds | 4.93 ± 0.02 | 0.86 ± 0.01 | 0.13 ± 0.00 | 2.36 ± 0.09 | 2.10 ± 0.23 | 7.07 ± 0.13 | 0.44 ± 0.01 | 3.05 ± 0.00 | 0.86 ± 0.02 | 1.34 ± 0.01 | 1.45 ± 0.05 | 3.38 ± 0.01 |
| 12 | Avena abyssinica Hochst. (Ethiopian oat) | Seeds | 0.14 ± 0.23 | 0.06 ± 0019 | 0.02 ± 0.06 | 0.54 ± 1.37 | 0.42 ± 0.97 | 0.04 ± 0.38 | 0.04 ± 0.09 | 0.05 ± 0.07 | 0.08 ± 0.74 | 0.05 ± 0.24 | 0.11 ± 0.11 | 0.06 ± 0.28 |
| 13 | Brassica carinata A.Braun (Ethiopian mustard) | Seeds | 9.13 ± 0.43 | 4.06 ± 0.58 | 0.1 ± 0.03 | 26.23 ± 0.64 | 26.4 ± 0.37 | 6.98 ± 0.48 | 2.22 ± 0.18 | 16.1 ± 0.86 | 1.68 ± 0.20 | 5.3 ± 0.37 | 3.76 ± 0.29 | 3.78 ± 0.43 |
| 14 | Brassica nigra L. (black mustard) | Leaves | 1.57 ± 0.12 | 6.24 ± 0.85 | 0.94 ± 0.09 | 15.3 ± 0.82 | 2.71 ± 0.01 | 2.02 ± 0.58 | 0.46 ± 0.02 | 1.68 ± 0.18 | 1.47 ± 0.71 | 8.66 ± 3.70 | 1.30 ± 0.19 | 8.93 ± 3.70 |
| 15 | Brassica oleracea var italica (broccoli) | Leaves | 11.79 ± 0.08 | 9.10 ± 0.42 | 0.27 ± 0.01 | 25.06 ± 1.94 | 21.01 ± 1.73 | 12.53 ± 0.10 | 4.61 ± 0.05 | 3.09 ± 0.05 | 18.03 ± 3.56 | 9.78 ± 0.12 | 8.40 ± 0.21 | 8.37 ± 0.20 |
| 16 | Brassica oleracea var. capitata (cabbage) | Leaves | 20.79 ± 1.74 | 8.60 ± 0.35 | 0.21 ± 0.03 | 22.89 ± 1.72 | 19.57 ± 0.05 | 3.19 ± 0.03 | 3.94 ± 0.60 | 5.85 ± 0.84 | 8.82 ± 0.41 | 7.62 ± 0.26 | 6.62 ± 0.02 | 8.27 ± 0.40 |
| 17 | Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) | Leaves | 2.51 ± 0.18 | 4.90 ± 0.65 | 0.73 ± 0.09 | 17.47 ± 1.7 | 9.82 ± 0.14 | 2.89 ± 0.12 | 0.40 ± 0.02 | 3.13 ± 0.10 | 2.13 ± 0.33 | 1.88 ± 0.32 | 8.77 ± 0.22 | 2.57 ± 0.14 |
| 18 | Capsicum annuum L. (hot peppers) | Fruit | 19.42 ± 0.64 | 5.02 ± 0.26 | 0.91 ± 0.08 | 10.25 ± 1.33 | 5.46 ± 0.80 | 3.76 ± 0.11 | 1.89 ± 0.11 | 14.33 ± 1.23 | 4.28 ± 0.91 | 4.00 ± 0.10 | 4.12 ± 0.81 | 10.86 ± 0.31 |
| 19 | Carica papaya L. (papaya) | Fruit | 3.73 ± 0.97 | 0.74 ± 0.33 | 0.78 ± 0.01 | 3.32 ± 0.32 | 2.17 ± 0.34 | 0.96 ± 0.19 | 1.77 ± 0.25 | 2.72 ± 0.32 | 0.91 ± 0.11 | 1.36 ± 0.06 | 1.08 ± 0.49 | 1.32 ± 0.69 |
| 20 | Cinnamomum verum J.Presl (cinnamon) | Bark | 0.65 ± 0.41 | 0.18 ± 0.14 | 0.08 ± 0.02 | 0.39 ± 0.25 | 0.3 ± 0.16 | 0.25 ± 0.21 | 0.25 ± 0.07 | 0.78 ± 0.58 | 0.65 ± 0.25 | 0.29 ± 0.19 | 0.69 ± 0.56 | 0.67 ± 0.52 |
| 21 | Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai (watermelon) | Seeds | 7.28 ± 0.07 | 0.89 ± 0.04 | 0.39 ± 1.08 | 3.89 ± 0.20 | 4.39 ± 0.29 | 0.75 ± 0.03 | 0.51 ± 0.02 | 3.7 ± 0.10 | 1.19 ± 0.08 | 0.86 ± 0.03 | 1.39 ± 0.05 | 1.86 ± 0.05 |
| 22 | Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai (watermelon) | Fruit | 0.10 ± 0.06 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 1.04 ± 0.00 | 0.17 ± 0.03 | 0.23 ± 0.11 | 0.08 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.11 ± 0.04 | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.00 | 0.24 ± 0.00 | 0.17 ± 0.00 |
| 23 | Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander) | Leaves | 0.85 ± 0.03 | 1.95 ± 0.49 | 1.92 ± 0.38 | 15.37 ± 3.00 | 1.19 ± 0.27 | 0.97 ± 0.13 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 0.23 ± 0.02 | 0.79 ± 0.18 | 0.7 ± 0.00 | 4.94 ± 0.10 | 0.52 ± 2.48 |
| 24 | Cucumis sativus L. (cucumber) | Fruit | 1.32 ± 0.17 | 0.28 ± 0.06 | 0.23 ± 0.05 | 1.66 ± 0.15 | 1.38 ± 0.21 | 0.25 ± 0.02 | 0.18 ± 0.01 | 1.03 ± 0.07 | 0.22 ± 0.06 | 0.11 ± 0.02 | 0.40 ± 0.06 | 0.18 ± 0.03 |
| 25 | Cucurbita maxima Duchesne (pumpkin) | Seeds | 0.21 ± 0.07 | 0.42 ± 0.13 | 0.09 ± 0.06 | 2.26 ± 0.81 | 3.14 ± 0.91 | 0.39 ± 0.06 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.21 ± 0.11 | 0.54 ± 0.14 | 0.12 ± 0.00 | 0.55 ± 0.10 | 0.13 ± 0.03 |
| 26 | Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo convar. giromontiina (zucchini) | Fruit | 2.79 ± 0.43 | 0.96 ± 0.20 | 1.54 ± 0.05 | 10.54 ± 4.61 | 3.35 ± 1.55 | 0.87 ± 0.14 | 0.26 ± 0.06 | 3.68 ± 0.69 | 0.72 ± 0.11 | 0.46 ± 0.07 | 0.89 ± 0.19 | 0.46 ± 0.11 |
| 27 | Cuminum cyminum L. (cumin) | Seeds | 13.21 ± 0.54 | 4.40 ± 0.15 | 0.26 ± 0.02 | 17.45 ± 1.27 | 17.44 ± 1.64 | 5.71 ± 0.29 | 2.85 ± 0.19 | 4.69 ± 0.48 | 6.34 ± 0.24 | 4.42 ± 0.29 | 5.09 ± 0.01 | 4.85 ± 0.74 |
| 28 | Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (lemon grass) | Leaves | 1.36 ± 0.41 | 1.97 ± 0.56 | 0.16 ± 0.09 | 3.13 ± 0.44 | 3.52 ± 1.06 | 1.52 ± 0.24 | 0.14 ± 0.06 | 0.74 ± 0.27 | 1.57 ± 0.61 | 0.36 ± 0.08 | 4.13 ± 01.67 | 0.64 ± 0.14 |
| 29 | Daucus carota subsp. sativus (Hoffm.) Arcang. (carrot) | Tubers | 9.33 ± 0.08 | 1.14 ± 0.46 | 0.46 ± 0.09 | 4.7 ± 0.72 | 5.36 ± 1.30 | 0.87 ± 0.13 | 0.58 ± 0.03 | 3.87 ± 0.39 | 1.08 ± 0.20 | 1.01 ± 0.10 | 1.14 ± 0.02 | 2.15 ± 0.34 |
| 30 | Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter (teff) | Seeds | 14.16 ± 0.71 | 4.30 ± 0.29 | 0.37 ± 0.01 | 20.5 ± 1.19 | 23.77 ± 1.14 | 4.43 ± 0.26 | 4.82 ± 0.29 | 1.04 ± 0.09 | 5.83 ± 0.24 | 3.93 ± 0.00 | 11.39 ± 0.27 | 4.11 ± 0.48 |
| 31 | Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne (strawberry) | Fruit | 1.01 ± 0.05 | 0.72 ± 0.06 | 0.06 ± 0.04 | 2.97 ± 0.07 | 1.69 ± 0.10 | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 0.08 ± 0.00 | 0.79 ± 0.04 | 0.54 ± 0.13 | 0.09 ± 0.02 | 0.30 ± 0.04 | 0.12 ± 0.01 |
| 32 | Glycine max (L.) Merr. (soybean) | Seeds | 5.04 ± 0.10 | 1.32 ± 0.16 | 0.25 ± 0.07 | 14.39 ± 1.10 | 17.31 ± 2.74 | 2.81 ± 0.38 | 1.86 ± | 2.66 ± 0.65 | 8.54 ± 0.60 | 2.01 ± 0.43 | 8.65 ± 0.18 | 3.40 ± 0.47 |
| 33 | Helianthus annuus L. (sunflower) | Seeds | 6.36 ± 0.49 | 3.52 ± 0.04 | 0.19 ± 0.07 | 14.34 ± 0.35 | 9.12 ± 0.39 | 8.04 ± 0.99 | 2.75 ± 0.51 | 0.70 ± 0.10 | 5.05 ± 0.76 | 6.52 ± 0.48 | 5.62 ± 0.80 | 5.81 ± 0.89 |
| 34 | Lactuca sativa L. (lettuce) | Leaves | 0.48 ± 0.03 | 5.85 ± 2.07 | 0.24 ± 0.08 | 13.00 ± 7.53 | 1.29 ± 0.61 | 0.48 ± 0.19 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.25 ± 0.08 | 0.71 ± 0.10 | 0.48 ± 0.00 | 7.87 ± 0.16 | 0.59 ± 1.56 |
| 35 | Linum usitatissimum L. (flax) | Seeds | 9.92 ± 0.29 | 3.77 ± 0.20 | 0.08 ± 0.02 | 21.47 ± 0.78 | 14.61 ± 1.19 | 8.41 ± 0.64 | 2.92 ± 0.08 | 0.33 ± 0.09 | 4.28 ± 0.33 | 5.68 ± 0.30 | 9.78 ± 0.57 | 7.14 ± 1.63 |
| 36 | Malus domestica Borkh. (apple) | Fruit | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | ND | 0.56 ± 0.09 | 0.26 ± 0.02 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.00 |
| 37 | Mangifera indica L. (mango) | Fruit | 0.30 ± 0.04 | 0.04 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.33 ± 0.01 | 0.23 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.13 ± 0.02 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.00 |
| 38 | Mangifera indica L. (mango) | Peal | 0.09 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.11 ± 0.00 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.04 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.02 |
| 39 | Matricaria chamomilla L. (chamomile) | Flower | 2.26 ± 0.13 | 4.78 ± 0.21 | 0.46 ± 0.01 | 7.62 ± 1.15 | 7.84 ± 1.05 | 2.81 ± 0.23 | 0.52 ± 0.09 | 1.60 ± 0.07 | 3.86 ± 0.62 | 2.09 ± 0.24 | 7.25 ± 0.05 | 2.31 ± 0.08 |
| 40 | Mentha × piperita L. (peppermint) | Leaves | 1.00 ± 0.07 | 1.11 ± 0.07 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 2.69 ± 0.11 | 0.19 ± 0.02 | 2.08 ± 0.12 | 0.20 ± 0.01 | 0.72 ± 0.04 | 1.12 ± 0.09 | 0.37 ± 0.00 | 0.83 ± 0.04 | 0.27 ± 0.14 |
| 41 | Moringa oleifera Lam. (moringa) | Leaves | 17.73 ± 0.71 | 14.53 ± 0.71 | 0.71 ± 0.11 | 21.91 ± 0.04 | 18.03 ± 1.07 | 14.93 ± 1.44 | 3.20 ± 0.36 | 10.58 ± 1.15 | 7.23 ± 0.76 | 12.5 ± 0.84 | 13.1 ± 0.38 | 13.29 ± 1.14 |
| 42 | Musa acuminata Colla (banana) | Peal | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | ND | 0.50 ± 0.05 | 0.23 ± 0.05 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.29 ± 0.03 | 0.73 ± 0.18 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.12 ± 0.03 | 0.17 ± 0.01 |
| 43 | Musa acuminata Colla (banana) | Fruit | 0.37 ± 0.06 | 0.18 ± 0.01 | ND | 0.54 ± 0.03 | 0.41 ± 0.11 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.20 ± 0.04 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.08 ± 0.00 | 0.08 ± 0.00 |
| 44 | Nigella sativa L. (black cumin) | Seeds | 6.66 ± 0.49 | 2.41 ± 01 | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 9.63 ± 0.62 | 20.02 ± 0.28 | 7.51 ± 0.91 | 1.67 ± 0.09 | 1.78 ± 0.21 | 2.36 ± 0.16 | 2.97 ± 0.12 | 5.28 ± 0.20 | 3.79 ± 0.79 |
| 45 | Ocimum basilicum L. (Mexican spice basil) | Leaves | 1.59 ± 0.13 | 1.77 ± 0.12 | 0.26 ± 0.05 | 2.41 ± 0.29 | 0.27 ± 0.01 | 1.21 ± 0.11 | 0.20 ± 0.02 | 1.23 ± 0.08 | 1.02 ± 0.02 | 0.54 ± 0.00 | 2.8 ± 0.03 | 1.13 ± 0.15 |
| 46 | Persea americana Mill. (avocado) | Fruit | 6.94 ± 0.08 | 1.68 ± 0.08 | 0.14 ± 0.00 | 1.81 ± 0.08 | 2.44 ± 0.32 | 1.01 ± 0.08 | 1.38 ± 0.04 | 20.3 ± 1.07 | 0.64 ± 0.25 | 2.09 ± 0.14 | 3.69 ± 1.01 | 3.61 ± 0.93 |
| 47 | Phaseolus vulgaris L. (common bean) | Seeds | 16.39 ± 0.06 | 4.46 ± 0.01 | 0.79 ± 0.01 | 9.98 ± 0.17 | 4.56 ± 0.14 | 3.49 ± 0.04 | 1.65 ± 0.02 | 12.48 ± 0.01 | 3.58 ± 0.22 | 3.72 ± 0.01 | 4.2 ± 0.03 | 7.95 ± 0.03 |
| 48 | Piper nigrum L. (black pepper) | Fruit | 6.74 ± 0.48 | 1.29 ± 0.04 | 0.10 ± 0.04 | 54.06 ± 4.26 | 2.16 ± 0.35 | 0.89 ± 0.09 | 0.94 ± 0.11 | 10.5 ± 0.82 | 0.93 ± 0.02 | 0.96 ± 0.02 | 1.68 ± 0.01 | 1.16 ± 0.31 |
| 49 | Pisum sativum var. Abyssinicum (A. Braun) Berger (decoco) | Seeds | 5.79 ± 0.45 | 6.51 ± 0.07 | 0.72 ± 0.05 | 29.74 ± 2.38 | 28.38 ± 1.23 | 5.09 ± 0.29 | 2.79 ± 0.04 | 3.96 ± 0.46 | 3.59 ± 0.31 | 2.88 ± 0.47 | 9.15 ± 1.16 | 4.88 ± 0.23 |
| 50 | Plectranthus edulis (Vatke) Angew (Ethiopian potato) | Tubers | 5.45 ± 0.98 | 4.26 ± 0.53 | 0.18 ± 0.03 | 10.87 ± 0.26 | 3.31 ± 0.63 | 8.10 ± 0.86 | 1.35 ± 0.19 | 8.88 ± 1.42 | 2.53 ± 0.26 | 5.55 ± 0.73 | 7.13 ± 1.17 | 4.27 ± 0.66 |
| 51 | Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Fr.) P. Kumm. (oyster mushroom) | Fruit body | 18.47 ± 0.76 | 23.42 ± 0.38 | 0.84 ± 0.13 | 20.62 ± 9.39 | 35.65 ± 6.26 | 19.6 ± 0.12 | 4.27 ± 0.31 | 1.38 ± 0.02 | 26.38 ± 2.36 | 13.39 ± 0.21 | 26.19 ± 02.78 | 17.13 ± 0.15 |
| 52 | Ruta chalepensis L. (rue) | Leaves | 12.71 ± 0.36 | 7.45 ± 0.46 | 0.25 ± 0.02 | 10.73 ± 0.71 | 4.64 ± 0.40 | 9.01 ± 0.62 | 2.41 ± 0.04 | 6.1 ± 0.26 | 4.64 ± 0.16 | 6.45 ± 0.35 | 8.10 ± 0.39 | 7.51 ± 0.15 |
| 53 | Rumex abyssinicus Jacq. (mekmako) | Leaves | 1.11 ± 0.15 | 1.83 ± 0.13 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 2.40 ± 0.26 | 4.13 ± 0.58 | 1.29 ± 0.11 | 0.24 ± 0.03 | 5.8 ± 0.27 | 2.35 ± 0.22 | 1.71 ± 0.16 | 2.04 ± 0.12 | 1.43 ± 0.11 |
| 54 | Salvia rosmarinus Schleid. (rosemary) | Leaves | 4.63 ± 0.29 | 0.83 ± 0.06 | 0.12 ± 0.04 | 2.84 ± 0.25 | 2.42 ± 0.26 | 7.9 ± 0.25 | 0.52 ± 0.07 | 3.49 ± 0.59 | 1.11 ± 0.35 | 1.52 ± 0.22 | 1.78 ± 0.23 | 4.21 ± 0.37 |
| 55 | Sesamum indicum L. (sesame) | Seeds | 3.61 ± 0.02 | 1.06 ± 0.01 | 0.35 ± 0.01 | 1.88 ± 0.06 | 2.98 ± 0.07 | 1.19 ± 0.02 | 0.47 ± 0.00 | 4.34 ± 0.01 | 1.18 ± 0.04 | 1.04 ± 0.01 | 2.37 ± 0.02 | 2.65 ± 0.03 |
| 56 | Solanum lycopersicum L. (tomato) | Fruit | 2.77 ± 0.16 | 1.61 ± 0.49 | 0.51 ± 0.04 | 26.18 ± 3.68 | 25.65 ± 3.46 | 4.46 ± 0.55 | 0.24 ± 0.03 | 5.74 ± 0.86 | 4.62 ± 0.44 | 1.02 ± 0.21 | 3.97 ± 0.59 | 1.11 ± 0.17 |
| 57 | Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry (clove) | Flower | 15.67 ± 0.01 | 6.04 ± 0.00 | 0.45 ± 0.00 | 8.07 ± 0.02 | 13.21 ± 0.30 | 12.77 ± 0.02 | 3.00 ± 0.00 | 32.88 ± 0.03 | 8.87 ± 0.01 | 10.23 ± 0.01 | 21.01 ± 0.01 | 25.71 ± 0.05 |
| 58 | Thymus vulgaris L. (thyme) | Leaves | 7.79 ± 0.67 | 2.90 ± 0.31 | 3.65 ± 0.19 | 5.50 ± 0.42 | 4.91 ± 0.45 | 2.43 ± 0.33 | 1.08 ± 0.41 | 4.57 ± 0.38 | 1.36 ± 0.53 | 2.61 ± 0.25 | 2.85 ± 0.55 | 3.83 ± 0.46 |
| 59 | Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (fenugreek) | Seeds | 6.29 ± 0.06 | 1.69 ± 0.04 | 0.21 ± 0.02 | 1.79 ± 0.06 | 2.56 ± 0.30 | 0.96 ± 0.11 | 1.25 ± 0.03 | 17.97 ± 0.04 | 0.79 ± 0.14 | 2.02 ± 0.03 | 4.02 ± 0.13 | 3.95 ± 0.24 |
| 60 | Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) | Tubers | 20.77 ± 1.46 | 4.74 ± 0.00 | 1.01 ± 0.03 | 83.40 ± 0.13 | 20.65 ± 0.80 | 2.92 ± 0.34 | 2.83 ± 0.16 | 9.81 ± 0.29 | 3.21 ± 0.10 | 3.7 ± 0.12 | 6.59 ± 0.11 | 5.81 ± 0.16 |
| Min | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.11 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.01 | ||
| Max | 20.79 | 23.42 | 5.53 | 83.4 | 35.65 | 19.6 | 4.82 | 32.88 | 26.38 | 6.26 | 26.19 | 25.71 | ||
| S/n | Plants | Concentration (mg/g) | Total FAA | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part analyzed | Met | Asn | Orn | Pro | Gln | Arg | Ser | Thr | Val | Try | Tyr | |||
| 1 | Allium sativum L. (garlic) | Tubers | 1.31 ± 0.22 | 25.31 ± 2.17 | 4.21 ± 0.34 | 3.56 ± 0.17 | 14.66 ± 1.42 | 16.42 ± 1.33 | 9.90 ± 0.8 | 7.60 ± 0.69 | 5.39 ± 0.29 | 3.96 ± 0.50 | 11.00 ± 1.74 | 225.09 |
| 2 | Allium spathaceum Steud. ex A.Rich (Ethiopian onion) | Tubers | 1.76 ± 0.78 | 24.84 ± 0.34 | 2.13 ± 0.18 | 2.14 ± 0.33 | 10.27 ± 0.60 | 9.98 ± 0.97 | 6.02 ± 0.58 | 5.42 ± 0.64 | 5.89 ± 0.69 | 10.26 ± 0.92 | 22.42 ± 3.24 | 188.01 |
| 3 | Aloe ankoberensis Gilbert and Sebsebe | Leaves | 0.01 ± 0.10 | 6.20 ± 0.01 | 0.35 ± 0.01 | 0.16 ± 0.00 | 12.44 ± 0.01 | 4.01 ± 0.11 | 2.42 ± 0.07 | 5.29 ± 0.21 | 0.45 ± 0.00 | 0.50 ± 0.03 | 6.35 ± 0.01 | 73.06 |
| 4 | Aloe benishangulana Sebsebe & Tesfaye | Leaves | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.52 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 0.50 ± 0.04 | 1.47 ± 0.10 | 0.58 ± 0.02 | 0.35 ± 0.01 | 0.44 ± 0.03 | 0.63 ± 0.04 | 0.20 ± 0.02 | 0.71 ± 0.05 | 12.28 |
| 5 | Aloe debrana Christian | Leaves | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.75 ± 0.29 | 0.09 ± 0.02 | 0.35 ± 0.03 | 0.40 ± 0.13 | 0.43 ± 0.10 | 0.26 ± 0.06 | 0.38 ± 0.06 | 0.50 ± 0.07 | 0.16 ± 0.04 | 0.72 ± 0.10 | 9.27 |
| 6 | Aloe percrassa Tod | Leaves | 0.01 ± 0.15 | 7.58 ± 0.24 | 0.38 ± 0.04 | 0.16 ± 0.00 | 10.21 ± 0.02 | 3.56 ± 1.16 | 2.15 ± 0.7 | 6.26 ± 0.30 | 0.52 ± 0.00 | 0.54 ± 0.14 | 5.68 ± 0.02 | 75.91 |
| 7 | Aloe pirottae Berger | Leaves | 0.00 ± 0.05 | 4.68 ± 0.11 | 0.23 ± 0.02 | 0.11 ± 0.00 | 3.85 ± 0.01 | 2.01 ± 0.14 | 1.21 ± 0.08 | 3.72 ± 0.12 | 0.34 ± 0.00 | 0.52 ± 0.05 | 2.16 ± 0.06 | 39.40 |
| 8 | Aloe sinana Reynolds | Leaves | 0.00 ± 0.24 | 7.01 ± 0.30 | 0.54 ± 0.07 | 0.12 ± 0.00 | 5.92 ± 0.05 | 3.19 ± 1.26 | 1.93 ± 0.76 | 3.94 ± 1.23 | 0.35 ± 0.01 | 0.31 ± 0.17 | 3.64 ± 0.07 | 56.86 |
| 9 | Aloe tewoldei Gilbert & Sebsebe | Leaves | 0.00 ± 0.01 | 6.10 ± 0.05 | 0.47 ± 0.10 | 0.13 ± 0.00 | 15.3 ± 0.05 | 3.80 ± 0.75 | 2.29 ± 0.46 | 6.14 ± 0.46 | 0.36 ± 0.00 | 0.34 ± 0.12 | 5.45 ± 0.09 | 76.70 |
| 10 | Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. (pineapple) | Fruit | 0.19 ± 0.07 | 20.14 ± 6.48 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.28 ± 0.09 | 5.04 ± 3.65 | 4.55 ± 0.98 | 2.74 ± 0.59 | 1.30 ± 0.42 | 0.54 ± 0.14 | 0.15 ± 0.03 | 2.72 ± 0.50 | 54.68 |
| 11 | Arachis hypogaea L. (peanut) | Seeds | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 26.75 ± 0.18 | 0.48 ± 0.00 | 0.60 ± 0.02 | 4.80 ± 0.02 | 1.89 ± 0.02 | 1.14 ± 0.01 | 0.84 ± 0.01 | 1.65 ± 0.01 | 0.74 ± 0.01 | 7.84 ± 0.01 | 73.62 |
| 12 | Avena abyssinica Hochst. (Ethiopian oat) | Seeds | 0.00 ± 0.04 | 0.80 ± 2.81 | 0.01 ± 0.13 | 0.09 ± 1.09 | 0.26 ± 2.96 | 0.11 ± 0.58 | 0.07 ± 0.35 | 0.04 ± 0.28 | 0.05 ± 0.44 | 0.25 ± 0.76 | 0.22 ± 0.69 | 4.41 |
| 13 | Brassica carinata A.Braun (Ethiopian mustard) | Seeds | 2.00 ± 0.03 | 22.67 ± 2.12 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 2.79 ± 0.45 | 2.01 ± 0.22 | 7.83 ± 0.42 | 4.72 ± 0.25 | 4.29 ± 0.12 | 4.86 ± 0.79 | 4.69 ± 0.16 | 4.26 ± 0.47 | 161.05 |
| 14 | Brassica nigra L. (black mustard) | Leaves | 1.75 ± 0.39 | 0.77 ± 0.43 | 1.33 ± 0.71 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.53 ± 0.08 | 5.28 ± 1.64 | 3.19 ± 0.99 | 12.69 ± 0.03 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 2.93 ± 0.44 | 0.70 ± 0.06 | 80.35 |
| 15 | Brassica oleracea var italica (broccoli) | Leaves | 5.20 ± 0.68 | 25.53 ± 0.27 | 2.46 ± 0.44 | 20.58 ± 0.36 | 27.01 ± 0.94 | 14.35 ± 0.3 | 8.65 ± 0.18 | 7.59 ± 0.25 | 12.25 ± 0.27 | 7.42 ± 0.13 | 21.86 ± 1.92 | 291.90 |
| 16 | Brassica oleracea var. capitata (cabbage) | Leaves | 0.92 ± 0.32 | 23.08 ± 0.31 | 0.60 ± 0.03 | 19.4 ± 2.89 | 32.10 ± 1.47 | 20.5 ± 2.57 | 12.37 ± 01.55 | 7.75 ± 0.88 | 10.16 ± 1.28 | 1.89 ± 0.43 | 11.24 ± 1.07 | 248.81 |
| 17 | Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) | Leaves | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 9.12 ± 1.11 | 0.30 ± 0.01 | 0.84 ± 0.10 | 11.03 ± 1.67 | 4.46 ± 0.55 | 2.69 ± 0.33 | 4.75 ± 0.66 | 2.44 ± 0.08 | 1.53 ± 0.13 | 9.64 ± 0.85 | 102.33 |
| 18 | Capsicum annuum L. (hot peppers) | Fruit | 0.12 ± 0.09 | 30.38 ± 3.08 | 0.98 ± 0.24 | 2.92 ± 0.08 | 27.22 ± 1.7 | 13.37 ± 0.02 | 8.07 ± 0.01 | 5.59 ± 0.52 | 4.79 ± 0.06 | 2.11 ± 0.03 | 4.06 ± 0.81 | 205.68 |
| 19 | Carica papaya L. (papaya) | Fruit | 0.10 ± 0.05 | 5.50 ± 0.23 | 1.10 ± 0.43 | 1.80 ± 0.33 | 0.35 ± 0.16 | 3.71 ± 0.01 | 2.24 ± 0.00 | 0.87 ± 0.01 | 0.77 ± 0.002 | 0.32 ± 0.09 | 1.18 ± 0.49 | 37.77 |
| 20 | Cinnamomum verum J.Presl (cinnamon) | Bark | ND | 2.14 ± 2.47 | 0.46 ± 0.08 | 0.17 ± 0.07 | 1.00 ± 1.09 | 1.11 ± 0.48 | 0.67 ± 0.29 | 0.24 ± 0.15 | 0.16 ± 0.14 | 0.12 ± 0.10 | 1.02 ± 0.57 | 12.12 |
| 21 | Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai (watermelon) | Seeds | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 8.49 ± 0.03 | 0.67 ± 0.04 | 0.57 ± 0.06 | 6.43 ± 0.27 | 2.54 ± 0.05 | 1.53 ± 0.03 | 0.88 ± 0.04 | 1.02 ± 0.02 | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 1.38 ± 0.06 | 50.21 |
| 22 | Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai (watermelon) | Fruit | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.26 ± 0.37 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.07 ± 0.00 | 0.52 ± 0.06 | 0.26 ± 0.04 | 0.16 ± 0.03 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.08 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.19 ± 0.00 | 4.20 |
| 23 | Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander) | Leaves | 0.01 ± 0.14 | 0.90 ± 0.07 | 0.35 ± 0.02 | 0.12 ± 0.00 | 1.58 ± 0.02 | 2.34 ± 0.37 | 1.41 ± 0.22 | 3.62 ± 0.27 | 0.89 ± 0.00 | 0.46 ± 0.14 | 1.94 ± 0.08 | 42.70 |
| 24 | Cucumis sativus L. (cucumber) | Fruit | ND | 0.50 ± 0.33 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.13 ± 0.02 | 0.83 ± 0.52 | 0.99 ± 0.07 | 0.60 ± 0.04 | 0.30 ± 0.05 | 0.13 ± 0.02 | 0.12 ± 0.03 | 0.64 ± 0.03 | 11.67 |
| 25 | Cucurbita maxima Duchesne (pumpkin) | Seeds | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 1.19 ± 0.45 | 0.11 ± 0.03 | 0.06 ± 0.02 | 1.39 ± 0.66 | 0.58 ± 0.22 | 0.35 ± 0.13 | 0.24 ± 0.05 | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 1.76 ± 0.5 | 1.38 ± 0.62 | 16.11 |
| 26 | Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo convar. giromontiina (zucchini) | Fruit | ND | 7.96 ± 1.00 | 0.12 ± 0.03 | 0.24 ± 0.06 | 11.78 ± 2.21 | 5.62 ± 0.87 | 3.39 ± 0.52 | 0.85 ± 0.15 | 0.58 ± 0.08 | 0.17 ± 0.04 | 1.56 ± 0.33 | 59.89 |
| 27 | Cuminum cyminum L. (cumin) | Seeds | 0.46 ± 0.07 | 37.30 ± 3.36 | 0.51 ± 0.13 | 13.38 ± 0.42 | 4.99 ± 0.05 | 5.08 ± 0.27 | 3.06 ± 0.16 | 4.03 ± 0.44 | 4.88 ± 0.65 | 2.80 ± 0.21 | 3.80 ± 0.06 | 164.20 |
| 28 | Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (lemon grass) | Leaves | 0.08 ± 0.10 | 20.47 ± 6.35 | 0.15 ± 0.02 | 0.29 ± 0.07 | 6.84 ± 5.34 | 3.46 ± 0.73 | 2.09 ± 0.44 | 1.96 ± 0.53 | 0.71 ± 0.13 | 0.33 ± 0.02 | 5.47 ± 1.05 | 61.76 |
| 29 | Daucus carota subsp. sativus (Hoffm.) Arcang. (carrot) | Tubers | 0.03 ± 0.02 | 10.43 ± 1.37 | 0.79 ± 0.06 | 0.66 ± 0.09 | 8.10 ± 0.11 | 2.83 ± 0.21 | 1.71 ± 0.13 | 1.07 ± 0.14 | 1.24 ± 0.11 | 0.17 ± 0.07 | 1.24 ± 0.17 | 60.25 |
| 30 | Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter (teff) | Seeds | 1.22 ± 0.32 | 26.61 ± 0.25 | 0.51 ± 0.03 | 3.38 ± 0.02 | 4.38 ± 0.23 | 8.31 ± 0.59 | 5.01 ± 0.36 | 4.42 ± 0.2 | 4.08 ± 0.00 | 3.23 ± 0.44 | 5.81 ± 0.22 | 162.84 |
| 31 | Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne (strawberry) | Fruit | ND | 27.51 ± 0.97 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.67 ± 0.05 | 1.75 ± 0.11 | 1.05 ± 0.07 | 0.65 ± 0.02 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.63 ± 0.10 | 41.20 |
| 32 | Glycine max (L.) Merr. (soybean) | Seeds | 0.38 ± 0.07 | 27.48 ± 1.65 | 0.62 ± 0.06 | 1.73 ± 0.49 | 1.11 ± 0.01 | 3.52 ± 1.43 | 2.12 ± 0.87 | 1.71 ± 0.41 | 1.99 ± 0.41 | 7.45 ± 0.68 | 5.82 ± 1.63 | 130.91 |
| 33 | Helianthus annuus L. (sunflower) | Seeds | 2.48 ± 0.15 | 21.90 ± 0.90 | 0.27 ± 0.05 | 16.05 ± 0.77 | 4.52 ± 0.56 | 5.44 ± 0.89 | 3.28 ± 0.54 | 2.91 ± 0.18 | 4.75 ± 0.55 | 4.24 ± 0.54 | 6.28 ± 0.44 | 134.01 |
| 34 | Lactuca sativa L. (lettuce) | Leaves | ND | 24.94 ± 0.26 | 0.37 ± 0.03 | 0.08 ± 0.00 | 10.62 ± 0.01 | 4.54 ± 0.79 | 2.74 ± 0.48 | 5.57 ± 1.01 | 0.59 ± 0.00 | 0.43 ± 0.35 | 2.25 ± 0.02 | 83.51 |
| 35 | Linum usitatissimum L. (flax) | Seeds | 2.39 ± 0.20 | 20.03 ± 0.43 | 0.31 ± 0.04 | 5.28 ± 0.06 | 4.78 ± 0.48 | 5.82 ± 0.10 | 3.51 ± 0.06 | 3.82 ± 0.18 | 4.77 ± 0.40 | 6.62 ± 0.48 | 7.44 ± 0.48 | 148.71 |
| 36 | Malus domestica Borkh. (apple) | Fruit | ND | 0.43 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 0.07 ± 0.00 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.04 ± 0.00 | ND | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 2.01 |
| 37 | Mangifera indica L. (mango) | Fruit | ND | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.10 ± 0.00 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | ND | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 1.72 |
| 38 | Mangifera indica L. (mango) | Peal | ND | 0.20 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.01 ± 0.05 | 0.86 |
| 39 | Matricaria chamomilla L. (chamomile) | Flower | 0.06 ± 0.02 | 21.44 ± 0.61 | 0.23 ± 0.01 | 5.23 ± 0.18 | 14.64 ± 0.79 | 7.42 ± 0.21 | 4.48 ± 0.13 | 4.42 ± 0.16 | 2.55 ± 0.13 | 1.40 ± 0.12 | 5.82 ± 0.52 | 110.05 |
| 40 | Mentha × piperita L. (peppermint) | Leaves | 0.01 ± 0.03 | 11.14 ± 0.00 | 0.04 ± 0.00 | 0.16 ± 0.00 | 1.53 ± 0.01 | 2.44 ± 0.14 | 1.47 ± 0.08 | 1.05 ± 0.11 | 0.97 ± 0.00 | 1.23 ± 0.11 | 1.13 ± 0.07 | 31.41 |
| 41 | Moringa oleifera Lam. (moringa tree) | Leaves | 2.21 ± 0.37 | 32.42 ± 6.86 | 0.92 ± 0.21 | 7.82 ± 0.46 | 7.83 ± 1.08 | 19.02 ± 3.17 | 11.47 ± 1.91 | 10.93 ± 1.63 | 10.08 ± 1.98 | 11.69 ± 1.17 | 16.2 ± 1.06 | 266.90 |
| 42 | Musa acuminata Colla (banana) | Peal | ND | 0.42 ± 0.02 | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 0.08 ± 0.00 | 0.40 ± 0.01 | 0.48 ± 0.03 | 0.29 ± 0.02 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 0.25 ± 0.20 | 4.55 |
| 43 | Musa acuminata Colla (banana) | Fruit | ND | 3.34 ± 0.37 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.04 ± 0.00 | 0.41 ± 0.06 | 0.41 ± 0.04 | 0.25 ± 0.03 | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.10 ± 0.02 | 0.07 ± 0.00 | 6.99 |
| 44 | Nigella sativa L. (black cumin) | Seeds | 0.69 ± 0.02 | 16.19 ± 1.49 | 0.43 ± 0.02 | 8.37 ± 1.11 | 2.66 ± 0.36 | 3.87 ± 0.43 | 2.33 ± 0.26 | 2.04 ± 0.13 | 2.58 ± 0.23 | 15.05 ± 1.02 | 6.30 ± 0.69 | 122.07 |
| 45 | Ocimum basilicum L. (Mexican spice basil) | Leaves | 0.12 ± 0.07 | 10.13 ± 0.00 | 0.12 ± 0.00 | 0.21 ± 0.00 | 9.61 ± 0.02 | 1.90 ± 0.18 | 1.15 ± 0.11 | 1.52 ± 0.06 | 0.84 ± 0.00 | 0.50 ± 0.07 | 2.37 ± 0.01 | 42.37 |
| 46 | Persea americana Mill. (avocado) | Fruit | ND | 2.63 ± 0.13 | 0.85 ± 0.16 | 2.74 ± 0.08 | 0.50 ± 0.01 | 2.93 ± 0.21 | 1.77 ± 0.13 | 1.66 ± 0.04 | 2.29 ± 0.05 | 0.20 ± 0.01 | 1.39 ± 0.40 | 60.92 |
| 47 | Phaseolus vulgaris L. (common bean) | Seeds | 0.09 ± 0.00 | 25.81 ± 0.28 | 0.81 ± 0.04 | 2.53 ± 0.03 | 23.92 ± 0.01 | 14.02 ± 0.05 | 8.46 ± 0.03 | 4.95 ± 0.02 | 4.30 ± 0.02 | 1.89 ± 0.05 | 4.92 ± 0.07 | 181.36 |
| 48 | Piper nigrum L. (black pepper) | Seeds | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 48.37 ± 1.75 | 0.28 ± 0.03 | 1.46 ± 0.12 | 0.24 ± 0.03 | 2.82 ± 0.35 | 1.70 ± 0.21 | 1.03 ± 0.03 | 0.99 ± 0.09 | 0.50 ± 0.11 | 1.15 ± 0.08 | 139.35 |
| 49 | Pisum sativum var. Abyssinicum (A. Braun) Berger (decoco) | Seeds | 0.63 ± 0.04 | 35.27 ± 7.84 | 1.39 ± 0.18 | 11.79 ± 2.38 | 2.58 ± 0.56 | 4.39 ± 0.65 | 2.65 ± 0.39 | 6.12 ± 0.34 | 3.62 ± 0.67 | 3.02 ± 0.22 | 7.17 ± 1.35 | 214.39 |
| 50 | Plectranthus edulis (Vatke) Angew (Ethiopian potato) | Tubers | 5.46 ± 0.73 | 27.13 ± 2.82 | 0.76 ± 0.20 | 3.90 ± 0.57 | 22.82 ± 1.96 | 5.74 ± 0.56 | 3.46 ± 0.34 | 4.46 ± 0.33 | 7.84 ± 0.83 | 2.27 ± 0.32 | 2.48 ± 0.25 | 153.29 |
| 51 | Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Fr.) P. Kumm. (oyster mushroom) | Fruit body | 22.2 ± 9.95 | 15.69 ± 1.09 | 5.06 ± 0.68 | 3.64 ± 0.01 | 34.59 ± 5.33 | 28.69 ± 0.42 | 17.31 ± 0.25 | 22.63 ± 0.6 | 15.20 ± 0.13 | 8.56 ± 0.47 | 26.05 ± 3.86 | 400.01 |
| 52 | Ruta chalepensis L. (rue) | Leaves | 0.68 ± 0.23 | 27.25 ± 0.06 | 0.96 ± 0.38 | 30.10 ± 0.66 | 7.10 ± 0.37 | 7.73 ± 0.71 | 4.67 ± 0.43 | 6.70 ± 0.24 | 7.32 ± 0.62 | 8.03 ± 0.31 | 14.48 ± 0.93 | 215.83 |
| 53 | Rumex abyssinicus Jacq. (mekmako) | Leaves | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 2.45 ± 0.22 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 0.97 ± 0.40 | 6.52 ± 0.49 | 3.58 ± 0.13 | 2.16 ± 0.08 | 1.84 ± 0.05 | 1.72 ± 0.07 | 0.60 ± 0.18 | 3.91 ± 0.26 | 47.13 |
| 54 | Salvia rosmarinus Schleid. (rosemary) | Leaves | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 28.13 ± 0.26 | 0.57 ± 0.08 | 0.71 ± 0.11 | 5.85 ± 0.92 | 2.28 ± 0.44 | 1.38 ± 0.27 | 1.00 ± 0.14 | 1.88 ± 0.15 | 0.84 ± 0.10 | 8.21 ± 0.06 | 80.97 |
| 55 | Sesamum indicum L. (sesame) | Seeds | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 7.67 ± 0.23 | 0.43 ± 0.01 | 0.74 ± 0.00 | 5.18 ± 0.01 | 2.30 ± 0.02 | 1.39 ± 0.01 | 0.95 ± 0.01 | 0.91 ± 0.01 | 0.74 ± 0.01 | 1.85 ± 0.02 | 44.31 |
| 56 | Solanum lycopersicum L. (tomato) | Fruit | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 18.74 ± 2.64 | 0.25 ± 0.02 | 0.38 ± 0.04 | 20.51 ± 3.10 | 3.29 ± 0.67 | 1.98 ± 0.40 | 1.43 ± 0.37 | 0.74 ± 0.08 | 1.12 ± 0.12 | 8.37 ± 1.64 | 137.15 |
| 57 | Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry (clove) | Flower | 0.21 ± 0.00 | 18.69 ± 0.15 | 1.52 ± 0.00 | 5.19 ± 0.01 | 46.87 ± 0.00 | 6.78 ± 0.01 | 4.09 ± 0.01 | 6.05 ± 0.00 | 8.02 ± 0.01 | 4.83 ± 0.00 | 11.23 ± 0.02 | 261.19 |
| 58 | Thymus vulgaris L. (thyme) | Leaves | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 18.54 ± 1.59 | 1.16 ± 0.98 | 7.54 ± 2.58 | 12.51 ± 0.70 | 5.64 ± 1.13 | 3.40 ± 0.68 | 2.78 ± 0.33 | 3.28 ± 0.34 | 2.70 ± 0.22 | 4.96 ± 0.28 | 111.83 |
| 59 | Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (fenugreek) | Seeds | 0.03 ± 0.02 | 2.64 ± 0.14 | 0.70 ± 0.04 | 2.42 ± 0.04 | 0.58 ± 0.35 | 2.61 ± 0.10 | 1.57 ± 0.06 | 1.51 ± 0.05 | 2.15 ± 0.06 | 0.25 ± 0.04 | 1.11 ± 0.16 | 57.37 |
| 60 | Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) | Tubers | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 21.05 ± 1.22 | 2.40 ± 0.29 | 6.95 ± 0.14 | 1.34 ± 0.16 | 9.88 ± 0.27 | 5.96 ± 0.16 | 4.97 ± 0.06 | 5.47 ± 0.31 | 2.00 ± 0.04 | 4.82 ± 0.32 | 248.50 |
| Min | 0.00 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01 | |||
| Max | 22.2 | 48.37 | 5.06 | 30.1 | 64.59 | 28.69 | 17.31 | 22.63 | 15.2 | 15.05 | 26.25 | |||
ND not detected, Total FAA total free amino acid content