HK3 expression was correlated with advanced clinicopathological parameters and the outcomes of ccRCC patients in the TCGA cohort. (A-B) HK3 mRNA expression in ccRCC samples was significantly associated with advanced clinical stages and the pathological grade, as shown using ANOVA test. (C) Kaplan-Meier method showed that an elevated HK3 expression was significantly correlated with a shorter OS in 533 ccRCC patients from the TCGA cohort. (D) In multivariate Cox regression analysis, traditional prognostic factors, specifically the pM stage, were shown to still be relevant to OS in ccRCC patients from the TCGA cohort. (E) After integrating all the significant clinicopathological parameters and gene expression profiles in the Cox regression models, we generated the following formula: 1.024 × Age + 3.030 × pM stage (reference M0) + 3.047 × HK3 expression (reference low) for OS. The AUC index of the TCGA-OS was 0.775, highlighting the accuracy and consistency of the predictive power of HK3 in ccRCC.