Table 3.
Suicide risk associated with specific marital status by: PANEL A Income and PANEL B Educational attainment. Individuals under the age of 25 were excluded.
|
PANEL A | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Income | < 3 Ga | 3–6 G | > 6 G | Test of interaction | Diff low-high |
| Males | |||||
| Married (ref) | 2.07 (1.79-2.40)* | 1.63 (1.46-1.82)* | ref. | χ2 = 89.07, p < 0.001 | |
| Never married | 3.57 (3.11-4.10)* | 2.59 (2.35.2.86)* | 2.02 (1.76-2.30)* | p < 0.001 | |
| Separated | 3.90 (2.83-5.37)* | 6.80 (5.73-8.05)* | 5.65 (4.59-6.95)* | p = 0.056 | |
| Divorced | 2.96 (2.48-3.54)* | 3.32 (2.95-3.72)* | 2.50 (2.12-2.93)* | p = 0.165 | |
| Widowed | 2.56 (2.03-3.24)* | 2.83 (2.35-3.40)* | 3.44 (2.44-4.85)* | p = 0.165 | |
| Females | |||||
| Married (ref) | 2.29 (1.74-3.02)* | 1.30 (0.99-1.71) | ref. | χ2 = 55.53, p < 0.001 | |
| Never married | 4.43 (3.72-5.28)* | 3.39 (2.85-4.03)* | 1.64 (1.12-2.40)* | p < 0.001 | |
| Separated | 7.19 (5.22-9.90)* | 6.69 (5.11-8.77)* | 5.90 (3.62-9.62)* | p = 0.508 | |
| Divorced | 5.08 (4.25-6.07)* | 4.58 (3.85-5.45)* | 2.96 (2.09-4.20)* | p = 0.007 | |
| Widowed | 2.27 (1.83-2.82)* | 3.76 (2.94-4.80)* | 3.65 (2.26-5.89)* | p = 0.073 | |
| PANEL B | |||||
| Education | Elementary school | High school | Bachelor and higher | ||
| Males | |||||
| Married (ref) | 1.39 (1.20-1.60)* | 1.09 (0.96-1.24) | ref. | χ2 = 95.63, p < 0.001 | |
| Never married | 3.05 (2.73-3.42) * | 2.75 (2.49-3.05)* | 1.91 (1.64-2.24)* | p < 0.001 | |
| Separated | 5.45 (4.41-6.73)* | 6.05 (5.05-7.24)* | 6.58 (4.98-8.69)* | p = 0.288 | |
| Divorced | 2.74 (2.37-3.15)* | 3.01 (2.67-3.40)* | 3.43 (2.82-4.18)* | p = 0.065 | |
| Widowed | 2.27 (1.86-2.78)* | 3.28 (2.68-4.01)* | 3.28–2.22-4.85)* | p = 0.099 | |
| Females | |||||
| Married (ref) | 1.05 (0.84-1.31) | 0.80 (0.65-0.99)* | ref. | χ2 = 95.60, p < 0.001 | |
| Never married | 4.42 (3.63-5.39)* | 4.00 (3.32-4.82)* | 2.68 (2.14-3.36)* | p < 0.001 | |
| Separated | 5.58 (4.00-7.79)* | 7.96 (5.87-10.80)* | 8.58 (5.95-12.36)* | p = 0.088 | |
| Divorced | 3.84 (3.15-4.69)* | 5.40 (4.50-6.47)* | 5.24 (4.10-6.70)* | p = 0.054 | |
| Widowed | 1.99 (1.57-2.52)* | 4.06 (3.21-5.14)* | 4.90 (3.16-7.59)* | p < 0.001 | |
All odds ratios are controlled for age and sex through matching, in addition to centrality of residence, immigration status and the variables in the table.
a G is a number of Norwegian kroner (NOK) adjusted annually according to the expected wage growth. 1 G was 37 300 NOK in 1993 and 79 216 NOK in 2011
*p<0.01