TABLE 2.
Effect of Comorbidities on mortality rate in PD patients with and without COVID‐19
| Parkinson's disease and COVID‐19 positive | Parkinson's disease and COVID‐19 negative | Distribution COVID‐19 positive vs. COVID‐19 negative | Effect on mortality in COVID‐19 positive | Effect on mortality in COVID‐19 negative | Effect on mortality COVID‐19 positive vs. COVID‐19 negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall number (N, %) | Lived (N, %) | Died (N, %) | Overall number (N, %) | Lived (N, %) | Died (N, %) | P value | ||||
| Neurologic comorbidities (before COVID‐19) | ||||||||||
| Overall neurologic comorbidities (N, %) | 33 (62.3) | 25 (75.8) | 8 (24.2) | 13 (76.5) | 12 (92.3) | 1 (7.7) | 0.383 | 0.038 | 1 | 0.41 |
| Dementia | 14 | 9 (64.3) | 5 (35.7) | 10 | 9 (90) | 1 (10) | 0.02 | 1 | 1 | 0.341 |
| Stroke or ICH history | 1 | 1 (100) | 0 | 1 | 1 (100) | 0 | 0.429 | 1 | 1 | |
| Schizophrenia | 5 | 4 (80) | 1 (20) | 1 | 1 (100) | 0 | 1 | 0.643 | 1 | 1 |
| Neuropathy | 11 | 10 (91) | 1 (9) | 4 | 4 (100) | 0 | 1 | 0.074 | 1 | 1 |
| Migraine & other headaches | 9 | 6 (66.7) | 3 (33.3) | 4 | 4 (100) | 0 | 0.72 | 1 | 1 | 0.497 |
| Sleep disturbance (REM sleep behavior, OSA, insomnia) | 11 | 8 (72.7) | 3 (27.3) | 4 | 4 (100) | 0 | 1 | 0.726 | 1 | 0.516 |
| Seizure history | 5 | 4 (80) | 1 (20) | 2 | 2 (100) | 0 | 1 | 0.643 | 1 | 1 |
| Non‐neurologic comorbidities (before COVID‐19) | ||||||||||
| Overall non‐neurologic comorbidities (N, %) | 40 (75.5) | 27 (67.5) | 13 (32.5) | 12 (70.6) | 11 (91.7) | 1 (8.3) | 0.753 | 0.144 | ||
| Hypertension | 33 | 24 (72.7) | 9 (27.2) | 12 | 11 (91.7) | 1 (8.3) | 0.577 | 0.14 | 1 | 0.246 |
| Diabetes | 17 | 14 (82.4) | 3 (17.6) | 4 | 4 (100) | 0 | 0.561 | 0.072 | 1 | 1 |
| COPD | 2 | 2 (100) | 0 | 17 | 16 (94.1) | 1 (5.9) | 0.001 | 0.531 | ||
| Asthma | 8 | 5 (62.5) | 3 (37.5) | 4 | 4 (100) | 0 | 0.467 | 1 | 1 | 0.491 |
| CHF | 10 | 8 (80) | 2 (20) | 6 | 6 (100) | 0 | 0.191 | 0.299 | 1 | 0.5 |
| CKD | 12 | 9 (75) | 3 (25) | 4 | 3 (75) | 1 (25) | 1 | 0.502 | 0.235 | 1 |
| History of malignancy | 11 | 7 (63.6) | 4 (36.4) | 3 | 3 (100) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Smoking history | ||||||||||
| Current or former smoker | 5 | 4 (80) | 1 (20) | 4 | 3 (75) | 1 (25) | 0.408 | 0.615 | 0.364 | 1 |
| Never smoker | 20 | 11 (55) | 9 (45) | 7 | 7 (100) | 0 | 0.408 | 0.615 | 0.364 | 0.059 |
| Unknown | 2 | 2 (100) | 0 | 1 | 1 (100) | 0 | ||||
| BMI | ||||||||||
| Average BMI (range, IQR) | Average 26.2 (16–40.2, 8.8) | 26.89 (17.4–40.2, 8.3) | 21.99 (16–34.3, 8.7) | Average 23 (16–33.6, 7.7) | 23 (16–33.6, 7.7) | 19 | 0.034 | 0.718 | 0.375 | 0.211 |
Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease.