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. 2020 Dec 30;7(3):298–303. doi: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2020.12.010

Table 2.

Top 20 allergens in patients with leg ulcers in recent studies (2011–2018).

(Beliauskiene et al., 2011)
Lithuania; n = 35		 (Valois et al., 2015)
France; n = 354		 (Artüz et al., 2016)
Turkey; n = 40		 (Erfurt-Berge and Mahler, 2017) Germany/Switzerland; n = 52 (Rai et al., 2018)
India; n = 83
  • 1.

    Benzocaine (34.3%)

  • 2.

    Colophonium (20%)

  • 3.

    Balsam of Peru (20%)

  • 4.

    P-phenyldiamine (20%)

  • 5.

    Lanolin (17.1%)

  • 6.

    Quinolol (8.6%)

  • 7.

    Methyl dibromo glutaronitrile (8.6%)

  • 8.

    Fragrance mix I (5.7%)

  • 9.

    Nickle sulfate (5.7%)

  • 10.

    Paraben mix (5.7%)

  • 11.

    Sesquiterpene mix (5.7%)

  • 12.

    Budesonide (2.9%)

  • 13.

    Formaldehyde (2.9%)

  • 14.

    Fragrance mix I (2.9%)

  • 15.

    P-phenyldiamine (2.9%)

  • 16.

    Neomycin sulfate (2.9%)

  • 17.

    Primin (2.9%)

  • 18.

    Methyisothiazolinone (2.9%)
  • 1.

    Balsam of Peru (23.7 %)

  • 2.

    Fragrance mix I (13.3%)

  • 3.

    Ialuset cream 45 (12.7%)

  • 4.

    Hydrocellular (7.9%)

  • 5.

    Benzalkanium chloride (7%)

  • 6.

    Amercol L 101 (5.4%)

  • 7.

    Hydrocolloid (5.1%)

  • 8.

    Colophonium (4%)

  • 9.

    Lanolin (4.2%)

  • 10.

    Cetearyl alcohol (4.5%)

  • 11.

    Sodium metabisulfate (4.8%)

  • 12.

    Thiuram mix (2.3%)

  • 13.

    Alginates (1.7%)

  • 14.

    Methyl dibromo glutaronitrile (1.7%)

  • 15.

    P-phenyldiamine (1.4%)

  • 16.

    Propylene glycol (1.4%)

  • 17.

    Paraben mix (1.4%)

  • 18.

    Methylchloroisothiazolinone/Methylisothiazolinone (1.4%)

  • 19.

    Hydrofiber (1.4%)

  • 20.

    Silver sulfadiazine (1.1%)
  • 1.

    Balsam of Peru (50%)

  • 2.

    Nickle sulfate (25%)

  • 3.

    Colophonium (22.5%)

  • 4.

    Benzocaine (20%)

  • 5.

    Fragrance mix II (12.5%)

  • 6.

    Thiuram mix (2.5%)

  • 7.

    K dichromate (2.5%)

  • 8.

    Paraben mix (2.5%)
  • 1.

    Tertiary-butyl hydroquinone (19.2%)

  • 2.

    Amerchol L-101 (17.3%)

  • 3.

    Balsam of Peru (13.5%)

  • 4.

    Fragrance mix II (13.5%)

  • 5.

    Cetearyl alcohol (11.5%)

  • 6.

    Lanolin alcohol (9.6%)

  • 7.

    Nickel sulfate (7.7%)

  • 8.

    Cocamidopropyl betaine (7.7%)

  • 9.

    Colophony (5.8%)

  • 10.

    Fragrance mix I (5.8%)

  • 11.

    Propolis (5.8%)

  • 12.

    Composite mix (5.8%)

  • 13.

    Propylene glycol (5.8%)

  • 14.

    Benzophenone-4 (sulisobenzone; 5.8%)

  • 15.

    P-tertiary-butylphenol formaldehyde resin (3.8%)

  • 16.

    Methyldibromo glutaronitrile (3.8%)

  • 17.

    Octyl gallate (3.8%)

  • 18.

    Butylated hydroxyanisole (3.8%)

  • 19.

    Paraben mix (1.9%)

  • 20.

    Bufexamac (1.9%)

  • 21.

    Polyethylene glycol ointment (DAB 8; 1.9%)
  • 1.

    Wood tar mix (10.4%)

  • 2.

    Framycetin sulphate (8.7%)

  • 3.

    Eosin (7.1%)

  • 4.

    Thimerosal (Merthiolate; 7.1%)

  • 5.

    4-chloro-3-cresol (PCMC; 6.6%)

  • 6.

    Benzalkonium chloride (6.6%)

  • 7.

    Propylene glycol (4.9%)

  • 8.

    Triethanolamine (4.4%)

  • 9.

    Chloramphenicol (3.8%)

  • 10.

    Imidazolidinyl urea (Germall 115; 3.8%)

  • 11.

    Nitrofurazone (3.3%)

  • 12.

    Phenyl mercuric acetate (3.3%)

  • 13.

    Propolis (3.3%)

  • 14.

    Amerchol L 101 (2.7%)

  • 15.

    Chlorhexidine digluconate (2.7%)

  • 16.

    Sorbitan monoleate (span 80) (2.7%)

  • 17.

    Bacitracin (2.2%)

  • 18.

    Cetearyl alcohol (2.2%)

  • 19.

    Diazolidinyl urea (Germall II; 2.2%)

  • 20.

    Fusidic acid sodium salt (2.2%)

  • 21.

    Sorbitan sesquioleate (2.2%)

  • 22.

    2,6-ditert-butyl-4-cresol (1.6%)

  • 23.

    Budesonide (1.6%)

  • 24.

    Sorbic acid (1.6%)

  • 25.

    Benzoyl peroxide (1.1%)

  • 26.

    Chloroacetamide (1.1%)