Figure 1.

Experimental setup and timeline using the laminar flow bioreactor: (a) schematic illustration of environmental factors during dynamic culture. T: temperature, RH: Relative humidity, (b) the custom-made laminar flow bioreactor, which consists of controlling/monitoring part and integrated-incubation part, (c) image of inside-bioreactor during experiment. Culture chambers were connected to medium reservoirs via silicon tube, and medium was perfused by peristaltic pumps. In the culture chambers, 6 scaffolds (1.2 mm thickness and 12 mm diameter) were piled and sandwiched by rectifiers. The samples for the static control were also placed in the bioreactor so that they were subjected to the same environmental conditions except for fluid flow, (d) the optical image of the scaffold used. The scaffold was made of poly(L-lactide-cotrimethylene carbonate) and possess a microporous structure, and (e) experimental timeline. rBMSC were seeded on the scaffolds, and 3 days later, they were transferred into the bioreactor. Medium perfusion was performed for 8 h a day for 21 days.