Table 3.
Unique associations between parent/child reports of parenting and the parent-child relationship and the SCIFF codes in adolescence and between observed parenting in early childhood and the SCIFF codes in adolescence
| SCIFF codes – explored in a single multivariate model as correlated dependent variables | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Harsh parenting | Positive parenting | Dyadic conflict | Dyadic closeness | |||||
| B (SE) | β | B (SE) | β | B (SE) | β | B (SE) | β | |
| Model 1: Parent/child reports at age 15 | ||||||||
| Harsh parenting | .37 (.08) | .32*** | −.57 (.13) | −.35*** | .18 (.09) | .13* | −.36 (.13) | −.20** |
| Positive parenting | −.16 (.09) | −.16† | .15 (.10) | .11 | −.30 (.10) | −.25** | .26 (.13) | .17* |
| Dyadic conflict | .06 (.08) | .06 | .04 (.13) | .03 | .27 (.09) | .24** | −.12 (.14) | −.08 |
| Dyadic closeness | .14 (.07) | .14* | .17 (.12) | .12 | .07 (.09) | .06 | −.09 (.13) | −.06 |
| Model 2: Observed parenting in early childhood | ||||||||
| Harsh parenting | .14 (.15) | .12 | −.26 (.15) | −.15† | .08 (.17) | .05 | −.42 (.16) | −.23* |
| Positive parenting | .003 (.04) | .01 | .10 (.06) | .13 | .05 (.05) | .08 | .003 (.07) | .004 |
Note. Models accounted for the covariance of predictor variables (i.e., inter-correlations of parent/child reports of parenting and the parent-child relationship at age 15 and of HOME variables in early childhood) and dependent variables (i.e., inter-correlations of SCIFF codes) (see Table 1).