Table 1.
Characteristics of the Khuzestan Comprehensive Health Study (KCHS) participants
| Variable | Normal | Prediabetes | Diabetes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 16,430 | 9395 | 4673 | |
| Sex | Male | 5750 (52.7%) | 3483 (32.0%) | 1665 (15.3%) |
| Female | 10,680 (54.5%) | 5912 (30.2%) | 3008 (15.3%) | |
| Age (years) | 20–34.9 | 7154 (69.6%) | 2766 (26.9%) | 353 (3.5%) |
| 35–49.9 | 6297 (53.9%) | 3811 (32.7%) | 1568 (13.4%) | |
| 50–65 | 2950 (34.8%) | 2797 (32.9%) | 2745 (32.3%) | |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | < 25 | 6343 (64.5%) | 2593 (26.4%) | 893 (9.1%) |
| 25–29.9 | 5991 (52.4%) | 3616 (31.6%) | 1833 (16.0%) | |
| ≥30 | 4024 (44.3%) | 3149 (34.6%) | 1915 (21.1%) | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | < 90 | 8052 (64.9%) | 3404 (27.4%) | 949 (7.7%) |
| ≥90 | 8306 (46.3%) | 5955 (33.2%) | 3692 (20.5%) | |
| Hypertension | No | 14,333 (58.5%) | 7501 (30.6%) | 2659 (10.9%) |
| Yes | 2089 (34.9%) | 1891 (31.6%) | 2013 (33.5%) | |
| Diabetes family history | No | 11,531 (57.6%) | 6180 (30.9%) | 2314 (11.5%) |
| Yes | 4867 (46.7%) | 3201 (30.7%) | 2350 (22.6%) | |
| Education | Illiterate | 2996 (45.3%) | 1981 (30.0%) | 1629 (24.7%) |
| Elementary | 7094 (52.6%) | 4300 (31.9%) | 2086 (15.5%) | |
| Secondary | 4696 (59.9%) | 2340 (29.8%) | 808 (10.3%) | |
| Higher education | 1642 (64.1%) | 772 (30.1%) | 149 (5.8%) | |
| Cigarette smoking | Never | 14,560 (53.8%) | 8401 (31.1%) | 4085 (15.1%) |
| Ever | 1784 (54.1%) | 950 (28.8%) | 564 (17.1%) | |
| Hookah smoking | Never | 15,435 (53.7%) | 8853 (30.8%) | 4461 (15.5%) |
| Ever | 909 (57.1%) | 489 (30.7%) | 195 (12.2%) | |
| Opium use | Never | 15,871 (53.8%) | 9119 (30.9%) | 4515 (15.3%) |
| Ever | 489 (57.5%) | 229 (26.9%) | 133 (15.6%) | |
| Alcohol use | Never | 15,936 (53.7%) | 9135 (30.8%) | 4589 (15.5%) |
| Ever | 406 (62.7%) | 186 (28.7%) | 56 (8.6%) | |
| Marital status | Single | 3050 (58.9%) | 1559 (30.1%) | 569 (11.0%) |
| Married | 13,380 (52.8%) | 7836 (31.0%) | 4104 (16.2%) | |
| Ethnicity | Arab | 7454 (49.9%) | 4971 (33.3%) | 2501 (16.8%) |
| Bakhtiari | 4236 (62.9%) | 1668 (24.8%) | 831 (12.3%) | |
| Fars | 2984 (53.1%) | 1726 (30.7%) | 911 (16.2%) | |
| Turk/Kurd/Lur | 1720 (54.6%) | 1010 (32.0%) | 422 (13.4%) | |
| Residence | Urban | 11,605 (52.1%) | 7001 (31.4%) | 3678 (16.5%) |
| Rural | 4824 (58.7%) | 2394 (29.2%) | 995 (12.1%) | |
| Wealth index | Q1 | 4239 (55.5%) | 2271 (29.7%) | 1131 (14.8%) |
| Q2 | 4018 (53.4%) | 2340 (31.1%) | 1161 (15.5%) | |
| Q3 | 4435 (54.8%) | 2457 (30.4%) | 1197 (14.8%) | |
| Q4 | 3641 (51.5%) | 2274 (32.2%) | 1152 (16.3%) |