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. 2021 Jun 30;21:306. doi: 10.1186/s12870-021-03068-5

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Evaluation of Qingliu resistance to BPH. a Comparison of settlement preference of third instar N. lugens nymphs between Qingliu and TN1 at 3, 6, 24 and 48 h of infestation (N = 400). Comparison of the area of b phloem-derived and xylem-derived honeydew excretion between gravid female N. lugens adults feeding on Qingliu and TN1. The experiment was repeated three times with a sample size of 8–10 (mean area ± SE). The settlement preference was analyzed using the z-test (*p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001), whereas the honeydew excretion test was analyzed using two-way ANOVA and LSD post hoc test with different letters denoting significant differences (p < 0.05). QL = Qingliu, n.s. = not significant