Table 3.
Bivariate analysis of non-genetic factors affecting blood pressure control in patients with essential hypertensive
| Parameters | Controlled n = 115 (%) | Uncontrolled n = 85 (%) | OR | CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||||
| Men/Women | 40/75 | 31/54 | 0.92 | 0.51–1.16 | 0.88 |
| Age | |||||
| ≤ 45 years | 22 (19%) | 21 (25%) | 1.38 | 0.70–2.73 | 0.38 |
| 46—55 years | 44 (38%) | 31 (36%) | 0.92 | 0.51–1.65 | 0.88 |
| 56—65 years | 28 (24%) | 25 (30%) | 1.29 | 0.68–2.43 | 0.42 |
| ≥ 66 years | 21 (18%) | 8 (9%) | 0.46 | 0.19–1.10 | 0.10 |
| Residence | |||||
| Rural/ Urban | 31/84 | 15 /70 | 1.72 | 0.86–3.44 | 0.13 |
| Behavioral factors | |||||
| Current alcohol use | 34 (30%) | 50 (59%) | 3.04 | 1.88–6.13 | < 0.001* |
| Current tobacco use | 10 (8.6%) | 7 (8%) | 0.94 | 0.34–2.58 | 1 |
| Low sodium diet | 6 (5.2%) | 7 (8%) | 1.63 | 0.52–5.03 | 0.40 |
| Lack of physical exercise | 39 (34%) | 52 (61%) | 3.07 | 1.71–5.49 | < 0.001* |
| Normal weight | 35 (30%) | 23 (27%) | 0.84 | 0.45–1.57 | 0.63 |
| Overweight and obesity | 80 (70%) | 62 (73%) | 1.17 | 0.63–2.19 | 0.63 |
| Central obesity | 60 (52%) | 48 (56%) | 0.84 | 0.48–1.48 | 0.56 |
| Grade hypertension | |||||
| Grade I | 44 (39%) | 14 (16%) | 0.31 | 0.16–0.63 | < 0.001* |
| Grade II | 50 (43%) | 32 (38%) | 0.78 | 0.44–1.39 | 0.46 |
| Grade III | 21 (18%) | 39 (46%) | 3.79 | 2.00–7.17 | < 0.001* |
| Personal history | |||||
| Heart involvement Yes/No | 17/98 | 30/55 | 3.14 | 1.59–6.02 | < 0.001* |
| Diabetes mellitus Yes/No | 14/101 | 7/78 | 0.64 | 0.24–1.68 | 0.48 |
| Asthma Yes/No | 3/112 | 3/82 | 1.36 | 0.26–6.93 | 0.70 |
| Taste Yes/No | 6/109 | 6/79 | 1.37 | 0.42–4.43 | 0.76 |
| Family history | |||||
| Hypertension Yes/No | 70/45 | 56/29 | 1.24 | 0.69–2.22 | 0.55 |
| Diabetes mellitus Yes/No | 70/45 | 56/29 | 1.24 | 0.69–2.22 | 0.55 |
| Treatment level | |||||
| Monotherapy | 59 (51%) | 40 (47%) | 0.90 | 0.51–1.58 | 0.77 |
| Bitherapy | 35 (31%) | 30 (35%) | 1.21 | 0.67–2.18 | 0.54 |
| Tritherapy | 21 (18%) | 15 (18%) | 0.88 | 0.41–1.85 | 0.85 |
| Professional status | |||||
| Household | 45 (40%) | 24 (32%) | 0.61 | 0.33–1.11 | 0.13 |
| Farmer | 5 (4%) | 2 (2%) | 0.53 | 0.10–2.80 | 0.70 |
| Official | 24 (21%) | 24 (32%) | 1.49 | 0.77–2.86 | 0.24 |
| Daily | 1 (1) | 1 (1%) | 1.35 | 0.10–22.01 | 1 |
| Unemployed | 6 (5%) | 5 (7%) | 1.13 | 0.33–3.85 | 1 |
| Retirement | 9 (8%) | 7 (9%) | 1.05 | 0.37–2.96 | 1 |
| Trader | 20 (17%) | 14 (21%) | 1.09 | 0.51–2.3 | 0.84 |
| Other | 5 (4%) | 8 (13%) | 2.28 | 0.72–7.25 | 0.24 |
Values are expressed in numbers (percentages) and the comparison between groups was made using the chi-square test; *: significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05)