Figure 9:

Thermocouple temperature elevation measurements taken at the focus of the transducer in the phantom during the HIFU treatments (a)-(c), at 0.5 MPa, 2.0 MPa, and 6.0 MPa, respectively. Shaded areas show average value and standard deviation from a sample of 3 measurements. (d) Temperature elevation measurements taken from two thermocouples, one placed at the focus (dashed line) and one placed at the side of the phantom closest to the transducer (solid line), demonstrating that acoustic shadowing causes a higher temperature elevation proximal to the focus for the 2 higher bubble concentrations.