TABLE 1.
General characteristics of systematic reviews1
| Reviews (n = 150) | |
|---|---|
| Journal | |
| General nutrition journal (journals with only a nutrition focus, e.g., The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition) | 61 (40.7) |
| Specialized nutrition journal (journals with a focus on nutrition and a specific disease area, e.g., Nutrition,Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases) | 7 (4.7) |
| General medical journal (e.g., Lancet) | 28 (18.7) |
| Specialized medical journal (e.g., Clinical Breast Cancer) | 54 (36.0) |
| Country of primary affiliation of corresponding author | |
| North America | 14 (9.3) |
| Europe | 43 (28.7) |
| Oceania | 13 (8.7) |
| Middle East | 28 (18.7) |
| Asia | 49 (32.7) |
| South America | 3 (0.7) |
| Was the review conducted to inform a particular guideline or policy decision or to fulfill the needs of a particular evidence user? | |
| Yes | 6 (4.0) |
| No | 144 (96.0) |
| Funding2 | |
| Government support | 56 (37.3) |
| Institutional support | 34 (22.7) |
| Private not-for-profit foundation | 20 (13.3) |
| Food marketing/advocacy organizations | 4 (2.7) |
| Food companies | 2 (1.3) |
| No funding | 32 (21.3) |
| Not reported | 34 (22.7) |
| Did the authors declare any conflicts of interest? | |
| Yes | 10 (6.7) |
| No | 135 (90.0) |
| Not reported | 5 (3.3) |
| Exposures2 | |
| Micronutrient | 27 (18.0) |
| Macronutrient | 24 (16.0) |
| Bioactive compounds | 15 (10.0) |
| Food or beverage | 60 (40.0) |
| Food group | 21 (14.0) |
| Dietary pattern | 49 (32.7) |
| Nonnutritive components of foods/beverages | 25 (18.7) |
| Outcomes2 | |
| Cardiometabolic morbidity or mortality | 26 (17.3) |
| Cancer morbidity or mortality | 54 (36.0) |
| Diseases of the digestive system | 10 (6.7) |
| All-cause mortality | 9 (6.0) |
| Anthropometric measures | 8 (5.3) |
| Surrogate outcomes | 17 (11.3) |
| Other | 55 (36.7) |
| Primary studies, n | 15 [11–23] |
| Participants, n | 208,117 [84,951–510,954] |
1
Values are n (%) or median [IQR].
2
Each review can be classified in >1 category.