Table 3.

Patient scenarios.

Scenario	RUs		Non-RUs		P value
	n	%	n	%
1. 27-year-old male with a 3-year history of primary infertility. Sperm concentration is 25 million/mL, with normal motility and morphology, normal hormone studies, and a normal physical examination. Would you consider this patient to be an EMT candidate?					.1579
Yes	4	13.8	37	27.6
No	25	86.2	97	72.4
2. 27-year-old male with a 3-year history of secondary infertility. Sperm concentration is 10 million/mL, with normal motility and morphology, normal hormone studies, and a normal physical examination. Would you consider this patient to be an EMT candidate?					.0252
Yes	15	51.7	99	73.9
No	14	48.3	35	26.1
3. 33-year-old male with primary infertility. Sperm concentration is 7 million/mL, with a normal motility and morphology. Hormone studies are LH 3 IU/L (normal 2–9 IU/L), FSH 10 IU/L (normal 1–8 IU/L), T 400 ng/dL (normal >220 ng/dL). His physical examination is normal. Is he an appropriate candidate for EMT?					.2090
Yes	14	48.3	84	62.7
No	15	51.7	50	37.3
How much would you expect patient 3’s total sperm count to improve after a course of EMT?a					.6241
0%–20%	7	50.0	33	39.3
21%–60%	7	50.0	50	59.5
60%–100%	0	0	1	1.2
If patient 3 had an FSH of 7 IU/L, are you more or less likely to consider this patient for EMT?					.0365
More likely	23	79.3	78	58.2
Less likely	6	20.7	56	41.8
How much would you expect this patient’s sperm count to improve after a course of EMT (with FSH of 7 IU/L)?					.3767
0%–20%	16	58.1	60	44.7
21%–60%	13	41.9	73	54.5
60%–100%	0	0	1	0.7
If patient 3 had an FSH of 3 IU/L, are you more or less likely to consider this patient for EMT?					.0074
More likely	26	89.6	86	64.2
Less likely	3	10.4	48	35.8
How much would you expect this patient’s sperm count to improve after a course of EMT (with FSH of 3 IU/L)?					.2700
0%–20%	10	34.5	67	50.0
21%–60%	18	62.1	61	45.5
60%–100%	1	3.5	6	4.5
Patient 3 now has a left varicocele. Six months after varicocele repair, his sperm concentration improves to 10 million/mL. With normal hormone studies and an otherwise normal examination, is he a candidate for EMT?					.5198
Yes	17	58.6	89	66.4
No	12	41.4	45	33.6
How much would you expect this patient’s sperm count to improve after a course of EMT?a					.8781
0%–20%	9	52.9	41	46.1
21%–60%	8	47.1	45	50.5
60%–100%	0	0	3	3.4

Note: EMT, empirical medical therapy; non-RUs, nonreproductive urologists; RUs, reproductive urologists.

^aIncomplete responses in both groups.