FIG. 4.

Results of the K-modes cluster analysis. Four clusters are represented in panels: 1) Behavioral Risk: which includes patients with no recorded PECs, and individuals whose primary diagnosed PECs were Substance Use Disorder and/or Current Smoker; 2) Psychiatric and Substance Use Risk: primary PEC diagnoses were Psychological or Personality Disorder, followed by Substance Use Disorder, and Current Smoker; 3) Cardiovascular Risk: patients with predominantly Cardiac Conditions, followed by Hematologic, Diabetes, and Vascular Risk PECs; 4) Elevated Cardiovascular and Neuropsychiatric Risk: patients primarily with Cardiac, Psychiatric, Diabetes, Neurological, and Vascular Risk conditions. PEC, pre-existing condition; TBI, traumatic brain injury.