Table 2.
Descriptive Characteristics by K-Modes Cluster of Patients with Moderate and Severe TBI
Cluster (n) | age (SD) in years | Male | Caucasiana (African-American) | Median hospital days | GCS score on admission | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Behavioral Risk (total n = 11,474), consisting of two subgroups | ||||||
1. No PECs reported (6,387, 56%) | 33 (14.3) | 78% | 83% (11%) | 10 | 5.6 | |
% of group endorsing trait | % only endorsing this trait | |||||
No PECs reported | 100% | 100% | ||||
2. PEC-positive (5087, 44%) | 41 (17.4) | 77% | 81% (15%) | 9 | 6.1 | |
% of group endorsing trait | % only endorsing this trait | |||||
Chronic alcohol abuse Substance use disorder |
35% | 23% | ||||
22% | 15% | |||||
Psychiatric and Substance Use Risk (2523) | 39 (15.9) | 65% | 89% (9%) | 10 | 6.1 | |
PEC sub-categoriesb | % of cluster endorsing trait | % only endorsing this trait | ||||
Diagnosed psychiatric/Personality disorder Chronic alcohol abuse Substance use disorder Current smoker Diagnosed ADHD Respiratory disease or COPD |
91% | 31% | ||||
25% | 0% | |||||
19% | 0% | |||||
14% | 0% | |||||
10% | 4% | |||||
10% | 0% | |||||
Cardiovascular Risk (3903) | 64 (17.2) | 67% | 87% (11%) | 11 | 6.8 | |
PEC sub-categories | % of cluster endorsing trait | % only endorsing this trait | ||||
Hypertension requiring medication Coronary artery disease Chronic alcohol abuse Diabetes mellitus Diagnosed psychiatric/Personality disorder Obesity Respiratory disease or COPD |
89% | 18% | ||||
22% | 3% | |||||
17% | 0% | |||||
16% | 0% | |||||
15% | 0% | |||||
10% | 0% | |||||
14% | 0% | |||||
Elevated Cardiovascular and Neuropsychiatric Risk (831) | 72 (15.7) | 50% | 89% (9%) | 7 | 8.3 | |
PEC sub-categories | % of cluster endorsing trait | % only endorsing this trait | ||||
Hypertension requiring medication Diagnosed psychiatric/Personality disorder Diabetes mellitus Dementia CVA/Hemiparesis (stroke with residual) Coronary artery disease Anticoagulant therapy Respiratory disease or COPD Seizures Functionally dependent health status Congestive heart failure Arthritis Obesity Chronic alcohol abuse History of cardiac surgery Advanced directive-limited care |
87% | 0% | ||||
71% | 0% | |||||
66% | 0% | |||||
49%c | 0% | |||||
31% | 0% | |||||
33% | 0% | |||||
29%d | 0% | |||||
19% | 0% | |||||
14% | 0% | |||||
14% | 0% | |||||
14% | 0% | |||||
11% | 0% | |||||
11% 11% |
0% 0% |
|||||
10.5% | 0% 0% |
|||||
10% |
Race data were not available for all participants.
PEC sub-categories were those endorsed by at least 10% of the cluster.
Coding changes over the lifetime of the PTOS database collapsed previously separate codes for 1. Alzheimer's disease and 2. chronic dementia, into a new third code for Dementia. The percentage in this table is the sum of those three subcategories.
Coding collapsed previously separate codes for Anticoagulant therapy, Anti-platelet agents, and Pradaxa therapy in to one new code for Anticoagulant therapy. The percentage in this table is the sum of those four subcategories.
ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; PEC, pre-exisiting health condition; PTOS, Pennsylvania Trauma Outcomes Study; SD, standard deviation; TBI, traumatic brain injury.